FIN622 GDB No. 1 Solution
Project A
Initial Investment = 45000
Years 1 2 3
Cash Flows 20000 20000 20000
Calculation:-
NPV = -Io + CF1/(1+r)t + CF2/(1+r)t + CF3/(1+r)t
NPV = - 45000 + 20000/(1+0.14)1 + 20000/(1+0.14)2 + 20000/(1+0.14)3
NPV = -45000 + 17543.859 + 15389.350 + 13499.430
NPV = - 45000 + 46432.639
NPV = 1432.639
Project B
Initial Investment = 70000
Years 1 2 3
Cash Flows 20000 26000 30000
Calculation:-
NPV = -Io + CF1/(1+r)t + CF2/(1+r)t + CF3/(1+r)t
NPV = - 70000 + 20000/(1+0.14)1 + 26000/(1+0.14)2 + 30000/(1+0.14)3
NPV = - 70000 + 17543.859 + 20006.155 + 20249.145
NPV = - 70000 + 57800
NPV = - 12200
Project C
Initial Investment = 50000
Years 1 2 3
Cash Flows 30000 28000 35000
Calculation:-
NPV = -Io + CF1/(1+r)t + CF2/(1+r)t + CF3/(1+r)t
NPV = - 50000 + 30000/(1+0.14)1 + 28000/(1+0.14)2 + 35000/(1+0.14)3
NPV = - 50000 + 26316 + 21545 + 23624
NPV = - 50000 + 71485
NPV = 21485
1) On the basis of NPV approach, which project(s) you would select if the projects are independent and why?
Reference:
MGT201 (Page 47)
Independent: implies that the cash flows of the two investments are not linked to each other
Solution:-
If the projects are independent then I will select Project C 1st and after that I will select Project A on 2nd because both have Positive NPV.
2) On the basis of NPV approach, which project(s) you would select if the projects are mutually exclusive and why?
Reference:
MGT201 (page 47)
Mutually Exclusive: means that you can invest in ONE of the investment choices and having chosen one you cannot choose another.
Solution:-
I will Select Project C because it has positive NPV and also have greater amount Rs. 21485.
Tuesday, November 23, 2010
Monday, November 22, 2010
Monday, November 15, 2010
CS101 Assignment # 2 Solution
CS101 Assignment # 2 Solution
Download the Link: File name: CS101 Assignment # 2 Solution.doc
File size:1.24 MB
Download the Link: File name: CS101 Assignment # 2 Solution.doc
File size:1.24 MB
ENG201 Assignment Solution
Q1: Letter of Inquiry/Intent
Some foundations/corporations prefer a letter of inquiry to determine whether the applicant falls within the foundation's guidelines. In this case, an inquiry letter used instead of a cover letter and proposal. It is very succinct, and attachments are not included. If the funder determines the organization and project fit within it's scope, the organization will be directed to submit a complete proposal. If not, a decline letter is usually issued at that time. A letter of inquiry should meet the following criteria:
Includes funder's name, title, and address
Is directed at the individual responsible for the funding program
Provides a brief overview of the organization and its purpose
Includes the reason for the funding request
Includes the amount requested (if required by funder)
Describes the need the project intends to meet (including target population, statistics, example)
Provides a brief description of the project
Lists other prospective funders for the project
Includes thank you and next step to be taken
Does not exceed two pages (one page is recommended)
Includes name and phone number of contact at the organization
Is signed by the person who can speak with authority on behalf of the organization
Q2: Common organization mistakes
1. Taking too long to get to the Point
2. Including irrelevant material
3. Organize Your Ideas
4. Getting ideas mixed up
5. Leaving out necessary information
Why Good Organization is Important
1. Saves Time and Work
2. Helps you delegate
3. Increases reader understanding
4. Makes reader more receptive to message
5. Saves readers time
Q2: please refer handouts, lecture 13 and 14. Pages 50 - 60
Some foundations/corporations prefer a letter of inquiry to determine whether the applicant falls within the foundation's guidelines. In this case, an inquiry letter used instead of a cover letter and proposal. It is very succinct, and attachments are not included. If the funder determines the organization and project fit within it's scope, the organization will be directed to submit a complete proposal. If not, a decline letter is usually issued at that time. A letter of inquiry should meet the following criteria:
Includes funder's name, title, and address
Is directed at the individual responsible for the funding program
Provides a brief overview of the organization and its purpose
Includes the reason for the funding request
Includes the amount requested (if required by funder)
Describes the need the project intends to meet (including target population, statistics, example)
Provides a brief description of the project
Lists other prospective funders for the project
Includes thank you and next step to be taken
Does not exceed two pages (one page is recommended)
Includes name and phone number of contact at the organization
Is signed by the person who can speak with authority on behalf of the organization
Q2: Common organization mistakes
1. Taking too long to get to the Point
2. Including irrelevant material
3. Organize Your Ideas
4. Getting ideas mixed up
5. Leaving out necessary information
Why Good Organization is Important
1. Saves Time and Work
2. Helps you delegate
3. Increases reader understanding
4. Makes reader more receptive to message
5. Saves readers time
Q2: please refer handouts, lecture 13 and 14. Pages 50 - 60
Friday, November 12, 2010
MGT601 GDB Solution
Do you think the efforts made by the Government of Pakistan to boost the SMEs sector are in the right direction?Discuss
Although many steps have been taken by government of Pakistan for the promotion SME sector e.g. initialization of SME policy development, Industrial Information Network, Industry Support Program and founding of institutions on provincial bases. And there has been some success on limited bases like the awareness-creation role (cluster-development) of the project has been particularly important, and achieved considerable success.
yet there is lot need be done. Out of many problems, cumbersome procedure by Government agencies, taxation and other charges promoting lack of documentation or incorrect documentation done by SME entrepreneurs, inconsistent government policies discouraging entrepreneurs to develop long-term vision, lack of formal technical education, non-internalization of new technologies, lack of basic infrastructure, finance, marketing etc. and most important of all, these factors discouraged commercial banks to extend financing to SME sector especially when specialized Government institutes such as SBFC, RDFC etc. failed to be feasible. Such circumstances shows that path chosen by the government for the development of SME sector but it will go on wrong direction if the above mentioned would not be seriously considered and sort out by the government of Pakistan.
Although many steps have been taken by government of Pakistan for the promotion SME sector e.g. initialization of SME policy development, Industrial Information Network, Industry Support Program and founding of institutions on provincial bases. And there has been some success on limited bases like the awareness-creation role (cluster-development) of the project has been particularly important, and achieved considerable success.
yet there is lot need be done. Out of many problems, cumbersome procedure by Government agencies, taxation and other charges promoting lack of documentation or incorrect documentation done by SME entrepreneurs, inconsistent government policies discouraging entrepreneurs to develop long-term vision, lack of formal technical education, non-internalization of new technologies, lack of basic infrastructure, finance, marketing etc. and most important of all, these factors discouraged commercial banks to extend financing to SME sector especially when specialized Government institutes such as SBFC, RDFC etc. failed to be feasible. Such circumstances shows that path chosen by the government for the development of SME sector but it will go on wrong direction if the above mentioned would not be seriously considered and sort out by the government of Pakistan.
Wednesday, November 10, 2010
CS507 Assignment # 2 Solution
CS 507_Idea Solution:
Question 1:Give at least 2 examples of each type of system. [5 marks]
1. Transaction processing systems
2. Office Automation Systems
3. Knowledge Work Systems
4. Decision Support Systems
5. Management information systems
Solution:
1. Transaction processing systems
Definition: A Transaction Processing System (TPS) is a type of information system that collects, stores, modifies and retrieves the data transactions of an enterprise.
Examples:
Order entry systems
Scanner-based point-of-sale registers
Automatic teller machines
Airline reservation applications
2. Office Automation Systems
Office Automation Systems Include formal and informal electronic systems primarily concerned with the communication of information to and from persons both inside and outside the firm. It supports data workers in an organization.
Examples:
Word processing
Desktop publishing
Imaging & Web publishing
Electronic calendars – manager's appt. calendars
Email
Audio & video conferencing – establishing communication between geographically dispersed persons.
3. Knowledge Work Systems
Knowledge work systems are there to help to deal with problems requiring technical expertise or knowledge. Software includes:
CAD for designers
Expert systems for specialist staff
Word-processing for clerical staff
Spreadsheets for accounts, and sales staff
Database managements systems for keeping records
Project management systems
4. Decision Support Systems
Decision-support systems are designed to allow analysts to extract information quickly and easily. The data being analyzed is often historical: daily, weekly, and yearly results.
Examples:
Applications for analysis of sales revenue,
Marketing information,
Insurance claims
Catalog sales
5. Management information systems
MIS is the term given to the discipline focused on the integration of computer systems with the aims and objectives on an organization.
'MIS' is a planned system of collecting, processing, storing and disseminating data in the form of information needed to carry out the functions of management.
Examples:
Enterprise resource planning
Decision Support Systems (DSS)
Office Automation
Question 2:
How an Information system can help to meet call centre challenges? [5 marks
Solution:
Simplify complex tasks (no experts, consultants needed)
Make tasks quicker to perform (efficiency gain)
Fewer errors so quality improves (effectiveness)
Time needed to fix errors is reduced (efficiency).
Output is better quality
Improve communication and collaboration with email, chat etc
Better decision making with management support tools
Frees people from tedious jobs - do better things
Allow the use of virtual team
Question 1:Give at least 2 examples of each type of system. [5 marks]
1. Transaction processing systems
2. Office Automation Systems
3. Knowledge Work Systems
4. Decision Support Systems
5. Management information systems
Solution:
1. Transaction processing systems
Definition: A Transaction Processing System (TPS) is a type of information system that collects, stores, modifies and retrieves the data transactions of an enterprise.
Examples:
Order entry systems
Scanner-based point-of-sale registers
Automatic teller machines
Airline reservation applications
2. Office Automation Systems
Office Automation Systems Include formal and informal electronic systems primarily concerned with the communication of information to and from persons both inside and outside the firm. It supports data workers in an organization.
Examples:
Word processing
Desktop publishing
Imaging & Web publishing
Electronic calendars – manager's appt. calendars
Audio & video conferencing – establishing communication between geographically dispersed persons.
3. Knowledge Work Systems
Knowledge work systems are there to help to deal with problems requiring technical expertise or knowledge. Software includes:
CAD for designers
Expert systems for specialist staff
Word-processing for clerical staff
Spreadsheets for accounts, and sales staff
Database managements systems for keeping records
Project management systems
4. Decision Support Systems
Decision-support systems are designed to allow analysts to extract information quickly and easily. The data being analyzed is often historical: daily, weekly, and yearly results.
Examples:
Applications for analysis of sales revenue,
Marketing information,
Insurance claims
Catalog sales
5. Management information systems
MIS is the term given to the discipline focused on the integration of computer systems with the aims and objectives on an organization.
'MIS' is a planned system of collecting, processing, storing and disseminating data in the form of information needed to carry out the functions of management.
Examples:
Enterprise resource planning
Decision Support Systems (DSS)
Office Automation
Question 2:
How an Information system can help to meet call centre challenges? [5 marks
Solution:
Simplify complex tasks (no experts, consultants needed)
Make tasks quicker to perform (efficiency gain)
Fewer errors so quality improves (effectiveness)
Time needed to fix errors is reduced (efficiency).
Output is better quality
Improve communication and collaboration with email, chat etc
Better decision making with management support tools
Frees people from tedious jobs - do better things
Allow the use of virtual team
MGT501 GDB # 1 Solution
Solution:
The links between HR effectiveness and organizational effectiveness could be explored from different conceptual angles. In this particular empirical study, the focus is on the multiple links that exist between certain HR policies and practices (i.e., staffing, compensation, training and the like), the characteristics of the HR Department (i.e., ratio of professionals, average level of education, and others), and the overall economic performance / success of the firm.
Organizations must determine their strategic direction and the outcomes they seek. This is usually accomplished with some form of strategic planning. Classic strategic planning is a formal, top-down, staff-driven process. When done well, it is workable at a time when external change occurs at a more measured pace. Plans and strategies are so fundamental that there must be clear plans to address them before the organisation can achieve on any of its goals. These are likely to include:
• Workforce planning issues
• succession planning
• workforce skills plans
• employment equity plans
• black economic empowerment initiatives
Suppose HR has a policy to only hire applicants who are college graduates (they are an engineering firm). Management decides to embark on a new strategy of constructing some of the units they have designed. The HR policy would work for the construction manager, but not for the welders, pipe fitters, electricians, painters, insulators, etc. that they would need to complete such projects.
The links between HR effectiveness and organizational effectiveness could be explored from different conceptual angles. In this particular empirical study, the focus is on the multiple links that exist between certain HR policies and practices (i.e., staffing, compensation, training and the like), the characteristics of the HR Department (i.e., ratio of professionals, average level of education, and others), and the overall economic performance / success of the firm.
Organizations must determine their strategic direction and the outcomes they seek. This is usually accomplished with some form of strategic planning. Classic strategic planning is a formal, top-down, staff-driven process. When done well, it is workable at a time when external change occurs at a more measured pace. Plans and strategies are so fundamental that there must be clear plans to address them before the organisation can achieve on any of its goals. These are likely to include:
• Workforce planning issues
• succession planning
• workforce skills plans
• employment equity plans
• black economic empowerment initiatives
Suppose HR has a policy to only hire applicants who are college graduates (they are an engineering firm). Management decides to embark on a new strategy of constructing some of the units they have designed. The HR policy would work for the construction manager, but not for the welders, pipe fitters, electricians, painters, insulators, etc. that they would need to complete such projects.
MGT502 GDB # 1 Solution
Question/Description
Mr. Ali is an IT specialist and works in a Software House. He is awarded "Employee of the Year" award. The fact is that, he is considered as one of the most enthusiastic, broad-minded, innovative and creative software developer. Also, his colleagues and coworkers term him as a trustworthy and well-mannered person.
Evaluate the personality of Mr. Ali in the light of Big Five Personality Model, point out and discuss two factors on which he is on higher end.
Mr. Ali is an IT specialist and works in a Software House. He is awarded "Employee of the Year" award. The fact is that, he is considered as one of the most enthusiastic, broad-minded, innovative and creative software developer. Also, his colleagues and coworkers term him as a trustworthy and well-mannered person.
Evaluate the personality of Mr. Ali in the light of Big Five Personality Model, point out and discuss two factors on which he is on higher end.
Answer:
The Big Five personality model
Personality test has evolved on the basis of the early thoughts and thinking of Freud. For long Meyers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) has been the undisputed leader in the personality test field. Big Five has taken up the competition with the MBTI about being the most popular/progressive personality test.
Big Five Personality traits
The Big Five personality traits is summarized below:
• Openness - open-minded, an interest in art, emotional, adventurous, new ideas and curiosity.
• Conscientiousness - typically self-disciplined, result oriented and structured, tradition and dutiful.
• Extraversion - high energy level, people person, extrovert and gets stimulated by being around others.
• Agreeableness - compassionate, cooperative, ability to forgive and being pragmatic, lets get the thing done.
• Neuroticism - sensible, vulnerable, in extreme: emotional unstable and neurotic.
The big five model tests help you identify your personality traits and explore your strengths. You must be honest while answering the questions because feedback is given only with your answers.
Feedback based on big five model is generally given in percentile scores signifying the presence of each of the factor in your whole personality.
Big Five Personality score
Studies suggest that that the distributed average score of people on the Big Five traits is as the following:
• Openness: 57%
• Extraversion: 54%
• Conscientiousness: 49%
• Neuroticism: 48%
• Agreeableness: 42%
Mr. Ali is an IT specialist and works in a Software House. He is awarded "Employee of the Year" award. The fact is that, he is considered as one of the most enthusiastic, broad-minded, innovative and creative software developer. Also, his colleagues and coworkers term him as a trustworthy and well-mannered person.
Evaluate the personality of Mr. Ali in the light of Big Five Personality Model, point out and discuss two factors on which he is on higher end.
Mr. Ali is an IT specialist and works in a Software House. He is awarded "Employee of the Year" award. The fact is that, he is considered as one of the most enthusiastic, broad-minded, innovative and creative software developer. Also, his colleagues and coworkers term him as a trustworthy and well-mannered person.
Evaluate the personality of Mr. Ali in the light of Big Five Personality Model, point out and discuss two factors on which he is on higher end.
Answer:
The Big Five personality model
Personality test has evolved on the basis of the early thoughts and thinking of Freud. For long Meyers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) has been the undisputed leader in the personality test field. Big Five has taken up the competition with the MBTI about being the most popular/progressive personality test.
Big Five Personality traits
The Big Five personality traits is summarized below:
• Openness - open-minded, an interest in art, emotional, adventurous, new ideas and curiosity.
• Conscientiousness - typically self-disciplined, result oriented and structured, tradition and dutiful.
• Extraversion - high energy level, people person, extrovert and gets stimulated by being around others.
• Agreeableness - compassionate, cooperative, ability to forgive and being pragmatic, lets get the thing done.
• Neuroticism - sensible, vulnerable, in extreme: emotional unstable and neurotic.
The big five model tests help you identify your personality traits and explore your strengths. You must be honest while answering the questions because feedback is given only with your answers.
Feedback based on big five model is generally given in percentile scores signifying the presence of each of the factor in your whole personality.
Big Five Personality score
Studies suggest that that the distributed average score of people on the Big Five traits is as the following:
• Openness: 57%
• Extraversion: 54%
• Conscientiousness: 49%
• Neuroticism: 48%
• Agreeableness: 42%
Monday, November 8, 2010
MKT501 Quiz # 1 Solution
MKT501 Quiz # 1 Solution
Download the Link: File name: MKT501 Quiz # 1 Solution.doc
File size:1.23 MB
Download the Link: File name: MKT501 Quiz # 1 Solution.doc
File size:1.23 MB
CS302 Assignment # 1 Solution
Question_1:
Convert following decimal values to binary:
3.25
3.25 = 11.01
20.20
10100.00110011
Question_2:
Express each decimal number as an 8-bit number in the 2's complement form:
+18
00010010
-117
11110101
Question_3:
Represent the following binary numbers in Hexadecimal:
1111110000
0011
1111
0000 3
F
0
Two zeros have been added to complete a 4-bit ***** at the left
1001001001000
0001
0010
0100
1000 1
2
4
8
Three zeros have been added to complete a 4-bit ***** at the left
Question_4:
What is the highest decimal number that can be represented by each of the following numbers of binary digits (bits) ? (litlle doubted plz confirm ur self)
two
10
eight
1000
sixteen
10000
thirty-two
100000
Convert following decimal values to binary:
3.25
3.25 = 11.01
20.20
10100.00110011
Question_2:
Express each decimal number as an 8-bit number in the 2's complement form:
+18
00010010
-117
11110101
Question_3:
Represent the following binary numbers in Hexadecimal:
1111110000
0011
1111
0000 3
F
0
Two zeros have been added to complete a 4-bit ***** at the left
1001001001000
0001
0010
0100
1000 1
2
4
8
Three zeros have been added to complete a 4-bit ***** at the left
Question_4:
What is the highest decimal number that can be represented by each of the following numbers of binary digits (bits) ? (litlle doubted plz confirm ur self)
two
10
eight
1000
sixteen
10000
thirty-two
100000
MCM301 Assignment # 1 Solution
Assignment 1 Communication skill
Q1; Nature give us one tongue and two ears so we could hear twice as much as we speak. Elaborate the statement with reference to the importance of listening skill?
Answer; Studies shows that 80 percent of our waking hours communicating and at least 45% on listening. As a student average 53% walking hours spend on listening. Listening is the process by which spoken language is converted to meaning in the mind. Good listener become good communicator and skillful listener learn from others. Listening is an active search of meaning.
But although listening is so critical in our daily lives. It is more important from other three basic communication skills. Much of the trouble we have communicating with others is because of poor listening.
Q2; being the student of Virtual university, Point out what communication barriers do you face while watching the course lectures. Also suggest some ways through which these barriers could be reduced. Do remember that the barriers can be both from sender's side as well as from receiver's side?
Answer; when we listen our lecture we face following barriers in communication process.
Language difference; Our national language is Urdu and our lectures are in English sometime we face problem of language difference. Inadequate vocabulary; Our education system is poor and our base is not good that's why inadequate vocabulary problem we faced. Internet speed; I belong with rural area where internet speed is slow. Noise and personal problems interrupt us durining listening lectures.
One lecture delivered for every kind of students but some are more intelligent then others it is also cause of poor interest in lectures. Teachers not see us they can't know us and they have no knowledge about our education and mental caliper. That's why they send same lectures. It is difficult to understand for every student.
Suggestions
We wants that lectures are delivered in mix language which can be easily understand.
Sometime teachers use new words I want please give his explanation on the spot.
It is necessary for us, when we listen our lecture we close our room and listen with full consideration.
When make the polices must account that you have different type of students.
When we join university we meet one time with our teacher and introduce our self.
Q1; Nature give us one tongue and two ears so we could hear twice as much as we speak. Elaborate the statement with reference to the importance of listening skill?
Answer; Studies shows that 80 percent of our waking hours communicating and at least 45% on listening. As a student average 53% walking hours spend on listening. Listening is the process by which spoken language is converted to meaning in the mind. Good listener become good communicator and skillful listener learn from others. Listening is an active search of meaning.
But although listening is so critical in our daily lives. It is more important from other three basic communication skills. Much of the trouble we have communicating with others is because of poor listening.
Q2; being the student of Virtual university, Point out what communication barriers do you face while watching the course lectures. Also suggest some ways through which these barriers could be reduced. Do remember that the barriers can be both from sender's side as well as from receiver's side?
Answer; when we listen our lecture we face following barriers in communication process.
Language difference; Our national language is Urdu and our lectures are in English sometime we face problem of language difference. Inadequate vocabulary; Our education system is poor and our base is not good that's why inadequate vocabulary problem we faced. Internet speed; I belong with rural area where internet speed is slow. Noise and personal problems interrupt us durining listening lectures.
One lecture delivered for every kind of students but some are more intelligent then others it is also cause of poor interest in lectures. Teachers not see us they can't know us and they have no knowledge about our education and mental caliper. That's why they send same lectures. It is difficult to understand for every student.
Suggestions
We wants that lectures are delivered in mix language which can be easily understand.
Sometime teachers use new words I want please give his explanation on the spot.
It is necessary for us, when we listen our lecture we close our room and listen with full consideration.
When make the polices must account that you have different type of students.
When we join university we meet one time with our teacher and introduce our self.
MGT211 GDB # 1 Solution
Ahmad enterprise is a sole proprietorship owned by Mr. Ali.
A. Unlimited
Ahmad enterprise is a 50-50 partnership of Mr. Ali and Mr. Ahmad
B. Unlimited
Ahmad enterprise is a private limited company
C.Limited
Ahmad enterprise is a public limited company
D.Limited
A. Unlimited
Ahmad enterprise is a 50-50 partnership of Mr. Ali and Mr. Ahmad
B. Unlimited
Ahmad enterprise is a private limited company
C.Limited
Ahmad enterprise is a public limited company
D.Limited
Saturday, November 6, 2010
ENG301 Quiz # 1 Solution
ENG301 Quiz # 1 Solution
Download the Link: File name: ENG301 Quiz # 1 Solution.doc
File size:1.25 MB
Download the Link: File name: ENG301 Quiz # 1 Solution.doc
File size:1.25 MB
Friday, November 5, 2010
MGT603 GDB # 1 Solution
Total Marks 2
Starting Date Wednesday, November 03, 2010
Closing Date Friday, November 05, 2010
For ensuring success in business, top management applies different kind of strategies. Suppose if you are a CEO of any bank, what kind of strategies you may design for the better growth and success.
Your job is to only identify anyfour or fivesuccessful strategies for banks
.....
Being a CEO of a bank, I would like to use these strategies to get competitive edge over my competitors;
• Price Leadership Strategy
• Flexibility
• Product or services differentiation
• Time to respond to customers and other changes
• Best possible use of IT & Information System Management
• Strong CRM Department
• Wide range of services to satisfy my customers
• I will try to be proactive rather than to be reactive
• Strong Marketing Department
• Well training Human Resources.
Starting Date Wednesday, November 03, 2010
Closing Date Friday, November 05, 2010
For ensuring success in business, top management applies different kind of strategies. Suppose if you are a CEO of any bank, what kind of strategies you may design for the better growth and success.
Your job is to only identify anyfour or fivesuccessful strategies for banks
.....
Being a CEO of a bank, I would like to use these strategies to get competitive edge over my competitors;
• Price Leadership Strategy
• Flexibility
• Product or services differentiation
• Time to respond to customers and other changes
• Best possible use of IT & Information System Management
• Strong CRM Department
• Wide range of services to satisfy my customers
• I will try to be proactive rather than to be reactive
• Strong Marketing Department
• Well training Human Resources.
MGT503 GDB # 1 Solution
Mr. Ali is working as a manager in Global Inc for 15 years. He is successfully managing the Pakistan region. Once, Mr. Aftab Ahmed, CEO of the Global Inc visited Bangladesh and astonished to find out the investment opportunities and hence decided to expand his company to Bangladesh. Seeing the brilliance and competence of Mr. Ali, he appointed him managing director of Bangladesh region. With this new position, do you think Ali can universally apply the management concepts that he have learned? Give rationale.
Solution:
Mr Ali (its me :p) is working as MANAGER his post changes to MANAGING DIRECTOR coz MR.AFTAB AHMED SAHAB appointed him so wat i think managers are more likely concerned with the work directly and can show skills on the other hand Managing director controls managers .
Solution:
Mr Ali (its me :p) is working as MANAGER his post changes to MANAGING DIRECTOR coz MR.AFTAB AHMED SAHAB appointed him so wat i think managers are more likely concerned with the work directly and can show skills on the other hand Managing director controls managers .
Thursday, November 4, 2010
CS201 Assignment # 1 Solution
CS201 Assignment # 1 Solution
Download the Link: File name: CS201 Assignment # 1 Solution.doc
File size:1.24 MB
Download the Link: File name: CS201 Assignment # 1 Solution.doc
File size:1.24 MB
MGT411 GDB # 1 Solution
Gross Domestic Product:
In economics, GDP uses for gross domestic product-the total value of all goods and services produced within that economy during a specified period.
The GDP deflator is a price index compute changes in prices of all new, nationally and internally produced, final goods and services in an economy.
The GDP deflator is not based on a fixed market basket of goods and services. The basket is allowed to change with people's consumption and investment patterns. Therefore, new expenditure patterns are allowed to show up in the deflator as people respond to changing prices.
Consumer price Index:
A measure that examines the weighted average of prices of a basket of consumer goods and services, such as transportation, food and medical care. The CPI is calculated by taking price changes for each item in the predetermined basket of goods and averaging them; the goods are weighted according to their importance. Changes in CPI are used to assess price changes associated with the cost of living.
Which is better Measure::
Although at first glance it may seem that CPI and GDP Deflator measure the same thing, there are a few key differences:
a) The first is that GDP Deflator includes only domestic goods and not anything that is imported. This is different because the CPI includes anything bought by consumers including foreign goods.
b) The second difference is that the GDP Deflator is a measure of the prices of all goods and services while the CPI is a measure of only goods bought by consumers.
....................
Consumer price index (CPI)
1) Measure of the overall level of price used to.(2)Track change in the typical household's cost of living.(3)Survey consumers to determine comosition of the typical consumer;s "basket" of good.(4)Every month,collect data on price of all item in the basket;compute cost of basket.(5)CPI in any month equals
100 * COST OF BASKET IN THAT MONTH / COST OF BASKET IN BASE PERIOD
GDB DEFLATOR:The GDB deflator,also called the implicit price for GDB,measures the price of output relative to its price in the base year.
GDB=(NOMINAL GDB / REAL GDB)*100
In economics, GDP uses for gross domestic product-the total value of all goods and services produced within that economy during a specified period.
The GDP deflator is a price index compute changes in prices of all new, nationally and internally produced, final goods and services in an economy.
The GDP deflator is not based on a fixed market basket of goods and services. The basket is allowed to change with people's consumption and investment patterns. Therefore, new expenditure patterns are allowed to show up in the deflator as people respond to changing prices.
Consumer price Index:
A measure that examines the weighted average of prices of a basket of consumer goods and services, such as transportation, food and medical care. The CPI is calculated by taking price changes for each item in the predetermined basket of goods and averaging them; the goods are weighted according to their importance. Changes in CPI are used to assess price changes associated with the cost of living.
Which is better Measure::
Although at first glance it may seem that CPI and GDP Deflator measure the same thing, there are a few key differences:
a) The first is that GDP Deflator includes only domestic goods and not anything that is imported. This is different because the CPI includes anything bought by consumers including foreign goods.
b) The second difference is that the GDP Deflator is a measure of the prices of all goods and services while the CPI is a measure of only goods bought by consumers.
....................
Consumer price index (CPI)
1) Measure of the overall level of price used to.(2)Track change in the typical household's cost of living.(3)Survey consumers to determine comosition of the typical consumer;s "basket" of good.(4)Every month,collect data on price of all item in the basket;compute cost of basket.(5)CPI in any month equals
100 * COST OF BASKET IN THAT MONTH / COST OF BASKET IN BASE PERIOD
GDB DEFLATOR:The GDB deflator,also called the implicit price for GDB,measures the price of output relative to its price in the base year.
GDB=(NOMINAL GDB / REAL GDB)*100
Wednesday, November 3, 2010
MTH301 Assignment # 1 Solution
MTH301 Assignment # 1 Solution
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MGT502 Quiz # 1 Solution
MGT502 Quiz # 1 Solution
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FIN622 Quiz # 1 Solution
FIN622 Quiz # 1 Solution
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Tuesday, November 2, 2010
FIN621 Quiz # 1 Solution
FIN621 Quiz # 1 Solution
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CS615 Assignment # 1 Solution
CS615 Assignment # 1 Solution
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CS602 Assignment # 1 Solution
CS602 Assignment # 1 Solution
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MGMT611/HRM611 Assignment # 1 Solution
“Human Relations (MGMT611)” Assignment No. 01 Marks: 15
“Assignment Title”
Case study
Wayne Huizenga: Entrepreneur
Wayne Huizenga was called the leading American entrepreneur by Success Magazine. Wayne
started his business career working for a waste removal company. Before long, he started his own company and later merged with another waste disposal company to form WMX Technologies, which grew to become the largest waste-hauling business in the world.
Wayne Huizenga is a best known for building companies and making deals. In addition to WMX, he started Blockbuster Entertainment with the idea of developing a McDonald’s of videos with the policy of not renting or selling pornographic videos. He later sold Blockbuster to Viacom in a stock swap valued at $8.4 billion. Speaking bluntly, as usual, he told shareholders he would leave the company because he cannot tolerate working for anyone else; he leads or leaves.
Wayne Huizenga also acquired Republic Services and is a dominant player in three industries: electronic security, superstore chains of used-cars dealerships, an waste disposal. He also owns the Miami Dolphins, Florida Panthers, and Florida Marlins professional sports teams.
Huizenga is highly disciplined, hard driving, and hard working; his workday usually begins
at4:00 A.M. He enjoys giving advice and solving problems. His basic approach to growing the business is to gather his key people and discuss ideas for expansion and possible deals. Wayne presents his ideas to the key people so they can point out weaknesses and give him ideas for improving his proposals. When making deals, he talks in a relaxed, calm, chummy manner relating to the other party, and he makes an effort to be clearly understood. At age 58, Huizega’s net worth had grown to over $1 billion, and he had no intentions of slowing down.
Nova Southeastern University honors him with its Wayne Huizenga Graduate School of Business and Entrepreneurship in Davie, Florida. Support your answer to the following questions with specific information from the case and text.
1) Wayne Huizenga’s personality falls in which of the following type of personality?
a. Type A
b. Type B
Support your argument with evidences from the case study.
2) Would you say Huizenga has a positive attitude or negative attitude related to his work?
3) Do you believe it would be stressful to work for Huizenga?
Student’s suggested Answers.
1.1 Question-1.
1.1.1 He is A Type. Reasons are as appended below:
1.1.1.1 He is Business type
1.1.1.2 He is Very Hard working
1.1.1.3 He does not like working under any one. Leads or leaves.
1.1.1.4 He is know to be the best companies builder
1.1.1.5 Speaks blunt
1.1.1.6 Very disciplined
1.1.1.7 Drives hard
1.1.1.8 Works for long timings
1.1.1.9 However he possesses some qualities of Type B as well, that includes relaxed and calm while discussing/ dealing with chummy manners. But overall this is called a style/ tactics to achieve the set goal. Analyzing his overall personality he would always be termed as “Type A” Personality.
1.2 Attitude of Huizenga towards Work
1.2.1 His attitude is positive. Reasons are as following:
1.2.1.1 He works to produce results.
1.2.1.2 His tactics or way of working is excellent that is why he is the Best and achieves his goals.
1.2.1.3 A mission oriented.
1.2.1.4 Derives hard to complete the task
1.2.1.5 He presents his work and appreciates criticism in order to remove weaknesses.
1.2.1.6 He has made his team strong to work well.
1.3 Working with Huizenga
1.3.1 I would like to work for a person who has positive attitude and is hardworking himself. Reasons are as bellow:-
1.3.1.1 He works in team
1.3.1.2 Presents to criticism
1.3.1.3 Motivated to work
1.3.1.4 Loves hard working
1.3.1.5 Appreciative working hours
1.3.1.6 He is best in business community
“Assignment Title”
Case study
Wayne Huizenga: Entrepreneur
Wayne Huizenga was called the leading American entrepreneur by Success Magazine. Wayne
started his business career working for a waste removal company. Before long, he started his own company and later merged with another waste disposal company to form WMX Technologies, which grew to become the largest waste-hauling business in the world.
Wayne Huizenga is a best known for building companies and making deals. In addition to WMX, he started Blockbuster Entertainment with the idea of developing a McDonald’s of videos with the policy of not renting or selling pornographic videos. He later sold Blockbuster to Viacom in a stock swap valued at $8.4 billion. Speaking bluntly, as usual, he told shareholders he would leave the company because he cannot tolerate working for anyone else; he leads or leaves.
Wayne Huizenga also acquired Republic Services and is a dominant player in three industries: electronic security, superstore chains of used-cars dealerships, an waste disposal. He also owns the Miami Dolphins, Florida Panthers, and Florida Marlins professional sports teams.
Huizenga is highly disciplined, hard driving, and hard working; his workday usually begins
at4:00 A.M. He enjoys giving advice and solving problems. His basic approach to growing the business is to gather his key people and discuss ideas for expansion and possible deals. Wayne presents his ideas to the key people so they can point out weaknesses and give him ideas for improving his proposals. When making deals, he talks in a relaxed, calm, chummy manner relating to the other party, and he makes an effort to be clearly understood. At age 58, Huizega’s net worth had grown to over $1 billion, and he had no intentions of slowing down.
Nova Southeastern University honors him with its Wayne Huizenga Graduate School of Business and Entrepreneurship in Davie, Florida. Support your answer to the following questions with specific information from the case and text.
1) Wayne Huizenga’s personality falls in which of the following type of personality?
a. Type A
b. Type B
Support your argument with evidences from the case study.
2) Would you say Huizenga has a positive attitude or negative attitude related to his work?
3) Do you believe it would be stressful to work for Huizenga?
Student’s suggested Answers.
1.1 Question-1.
1.1.1 He is A Type. Reasons are as appended below:
1.1.1.1 He is Business type
1.1.1.2 He is Very Hard working
1.1.1.3 He does not like working under any one. Leads or leaves.
1.1.1.4 He is know to be the best companies builder
1.1.1.5 Speaks blunt
1.1.1.6 Very disciplined
1.1.1.7 Drives hard
1.1.1.8 Works for long timings
1.1.1.9 However he possesses some qualities of Type B as well, that includes relaxed and calm while discussing/ dealing with chummy manners. But overall this is called a style/ tactics to achieve the set goal. Analyzing his overall personality he would always be termed as “Type A” Personality.
1.2 Attitude of Huizenga towards Work
1.2.1 His attitude is positive. Reasons are as following:
1.2.1.1 He works to produce results.
1.2.1.2 His tactics or way of working is excellent that is why he is the Best and achieves his goals.
1.2.1.3 A mission oriented.
1.2.1.4 Derives hard to complete the task
1.2.1.5 He presents his work and appreciates criticism in order to remove weaknesses.
1.2.1.6 He has made his team strong to work well.
1.3 Working with Huizenga
1.3.1 I would like to work for a person who has positive attitude and is hardworking himself. Reasons are as bellow:-
1.3.1.1 He works in team
1.3.1.2 Presents to criticism
1.3.1.3 Motivated to work
1.3.1.4 Loves hard working
1.3.1.5 Appreciative working hours
1.3.1.6 He is best in business community
MKT621 GDB # 1 Solution
Advertising has damaged children to a large extent”. Justify this statement with solid reasons.
Advertisement has impact on children at both, positive and negative sides. But the negative impacts are followings. - Advertisement encourage children to persuade their parents to buy product shown in the commercial, whether it is useful or not. The little ones tend to get adamant, if they are not bought product. - Many advertisement in the present time include dangerous stunts which can perform only by experts. even though commercials broadcast warnings with the ad, but kids try to perform such kind of stunts at home, that may hurt them, - Junk foods such as pizza, burgers and soft drinks are heavily promoted during children TV viewing time.This develops a craving for fatty, sugary and fast food in kids.Thereby affecting their health adversely. Research has shown that junk food ads at TV, magazine, billboards influence children greatly leading an increased demand for junk food by children. when children watch young adults with good shape eating junk food in advertisement, they assume that is good for health. they do not know junk food is not good for health. Similarly candy advertisement, it heavily influenced to children, this result choose candy or snakes over fruits. They preferred candy rather than healthy food like fruits but in spite of that the power of advertisement cannot be ignored.
Advertisement has impact on children at both, positive and negative sides. But the negative impacts are followings. - Advertisement encourage children to persuade their parents to buy product shown in the commercial, whether it is useful or not. The little ones tend to get adamant, if they are not bought product. - Many advertisement in the present time include dangerous stunts which can perform only by experts. even though commercials broadcast warnings with the ad, but kids try to perform such kind of stunts at home, that may hurt them, - Junk foods such as pizza, burgers and soft drinks are heavily promoted during children TV viewing time.This develops a craving for fatty, sugary and fast food in kids.Thereby affecting their health adversely. Research has shown that junk food ads at TV, magazine, billboards influence children greatly leading an increased demand for junk food by children. when children watch young adults with good shape eating junk food in advertisement, they assume that is good for health. they do not know junk food is not good for health. Similarly candy advertisement, it heavily influenced to children, this result choose candy or snakes over fruits. They preferred candy rather than healthy food like fruits but in spite of that the power of advertisement cannot be ignored.
Monday, November 1, 2010
STA630 Quiz # 1 Solution
STA630 Quiz # 1 Solution
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MGT601 Assignment # 1 Solution
“SME Management (MGT601)”
Assignment No. 01 Marks: 20
“Women Entrepreneurs”
Answer the following questions:
Q#01 How do you see women entrepreneurs in Pakistani society - a developing nation; as wastage of efforts or a real push in the growth of economy? Discuss. NOTE: Read the reference article given in the “Download section.”
The article given here is for your assistance. You are advised to read it, comprehend it, clear your concepts and attempt the given question. You can also search and refer to other helping material according to your convenience rather than sticking to this particular article only.
Solution:
In Pakistan, women entrepreneurs do not enjoy the same opportunities as men due to a number of deep-rooted discriminatory socio-cultural values and traditions. Furthermore, these restrictions can be observed within the support mechanisms that exist to assist such fledgling businesswomen. The economic potential of female entrepreneurs is not being realized as they suffer from a lack of access to capital, land, business premises, information technology, training and agency assistance. Inherent attitudes of a patriarchal society, that men are superior to women and that women are best suited to be homemakers, create formidable challenges. Women also receive little encouragement from some male family members, resulting in limited spatial mobility and a dearth of social capital.
The ILO research on women entrepreneurs in Pakistan has shown certain leak points gaps in the development of women entrepreneurs and has emphasized and recommend for actions needed to be taken in order to encourage and promote women entrepreneurship. The research shows that women has to face certain hurdles like gender discrimination, lack of safety, family and traditional restrictions, lack of access to education, market, business premises and other require tools for getting into and starting the business. Moreover there aren't any proper constitutional structures, policy documents, regulatory arrangements and institutional mechanism that can support or acknowledge women entrepreneurship in Pakistan.
However beside all the barriers and hurdles it is a please to note that Pakistani society is increasingly accepting businesswomen. Research has shown that 32% of women entrepreneurs believed that the general perception women in business had improved. Further certain organizations such as First Women’s Bank Limited (FWBL) are also established to cater solely to the financial needs of women entrepreneurs. Its mandate was to improve the socio-economic status of women in both urban and rural areas by creating opportunities for their development through enhanced economic participation. The research also shows that there are 47% of women entrepreneurs in textiles industry, 42% in private institutions and 27% of women are contributing in the half of the household income.
The research on government policies has shown that in order to involve women in productive economic activities, including exports, the Ministry is moving forward on a broad-based programmed in collaboration with the private sector. An Export Trade House and Display Centre each has been established at Lahore and Islamabad. Similar ventures are proposed at Karachi, Muzaffarabad and other major cities. To facilitate women entrepreneurs in their business activities both local and foreign, Business Centers in collaboration with the First Women Bank Limited (FWBL) have been established at Islamabad, Lahore and Karachi. Similar Centers are planned for Quetta, Peshawar and other major cities. These results show that efforts of women entrepreneurs are not of waste of time and they are contributing to push in the growth of economy. However these contributions can be made more significant, it is suggested that in order to foster development, multi-agency cooperation is required. The media, educational policy makers and government agencies could combine to provide women with improved access to business development services and facilitate local, regional and national networks. This would help integration of women entrepreneurs into the mainstream economy.
Assignment No. 01 Marks: 20
“Women Entrepreneurs”
Answer the following questions:
Q#01 How do you see women entrepreneurs in Pakistani society - a developing nation; as wastage of efforts or a real push in the growth of economy? Discuss. NOTE: Read the reference article given in the “Download section.”
The article given here is for your assistance. You are advised to read it, comprehend it, clear your concepts and attempt the given question. You can also search and refer to other helping material according to your convenience rather than sticking to this particular article only.
Solution:
In Pakistan, women entrepreneurs do not enjoy the same opportunities as men due to a number of deep-rooted discriminatory socio-cultural values and traditions. Furthermore, these restrictions can be observed within the support mechanisms that exist to assist such fledgling businesswomen. The economic potential of female entrepreneurs is not being realized as they suffer from a lack of access to capital, land, business premises, information technology, training and agency assistance. Inherent attitudes of a patriarchal society, that men are superior to women and that women are best suited to be homemakers, create formidable challenges. Women also receive little encouragement from some male family members, resulting in limited spatial mobility and a dearth of social capital.
The ILO research on women entrepreneurs in Pakistan has shown certain leak points gaps in the development of women entrepreneurs and has emphasized and recommend for actions needed to be taken in order to encourage and promote women entrepreneurship. The research shows that women has to face certain hurdles like gender discrimination, lack of safety, family and traditional restrictions, lack of access to education, market, business premises and other require tools for getting into and starting the business. Moreover there aren't any proper constitutional structures, policy documents, regulatory arrangements and institutional mechanism that can support or acknowledge women entrepreneurship in Pakistan.
However beside all the barriers and hurdles it is a please to note that Pakistani society is increasingly accepting businesswomen. Research has shown that 32% of women entrepreneurs believed that the general perception women in business had improved. Further certain organizations such as First Women’s Bank Limited (FWBL) are also established to cater solely to the financial needs of women entrepreneurs. Its mandate was to improve the socio-economic status of women in both urban and rural areas by creating opportunities for their development through enhanced economic participation. The research also shows that there are 47% of women entrepreneurs in textiles industry, 42% in private institutions and 27% of women are contributing in the half of the household income.
The research on government policies has shown that in order to involve women in productive economic activities, including exports, the Ministry is moving forward on a broad-based programmed in collaboration with the private sector. An Export Trade House and Display Centre each has been established at Lahore and Islamabad. Similar ventures are proposed at Karachi, Muzaffarabad and other major cities. To facilitate women entrepreneurs in their business activities both local and foreign, Business Centers in collaboration with the First Women Bank Limited (FWBL) have been established at Islamabad, Lahore and Karachi. Similar Centers are planned for Quetta, Peshawar and other major cities. These results show that efforts of women entrepreneurs are not of waste of time and they are contributing to push in the growth of economy. However these contributions can be made more significant, it is suggested that in order to foster development, multi-agency cooperation is required. The media, educational policy makers and government agencies could combine to provide women with improved access to business development services and facilitate local, regional and national networks. This would help integration of women entrepreneurs into the mainstream economy.
PHY101 Assignment # 1 Solution
Assignment No 1 PHY101 2010
Solution :
“.When a credit card is “swiped” through a card reader, the information coded in a magnetic pattern on the back of the card is transmitted to the card holder's bank. Why is it necessary to swipe the card rather than holding it motionless in the card reader's slot?”
ANS: In a credit card reader, the magnetic strip on the back of a credit card is rapidly? swiped? past a coil within the reader. Explain, using the same ideas that underlie the operation of a search coil, how the reader can decode the information stored in the pattern of magnetization on the strip.
FALL 1st Assignment
Q # 1 Consider a box that is placed on different surfaces. Marks = 10
a) In which situation (s) is there no force acting on the box?
b) In which situation (s) is there a static friction force acting on the box?
c) In which situation (s) is there a kinetic friction force acting on the box?
Various possible situations are as under:
I. The box is at rest on a rough horizontal surface.
II. The box is at rest on a rough tilted surface.
III. The box is on the rough-surfaced flat bed of a truck- the truck is moving at a constant velocity on a straight, level road and the box remains in the same place in the middle of the truck bed.
IV. The box is on the rough-surfaced flat bed of a truck- the truck is speeding up on a straight, level road, and box remains in the same place in the middle of the truck bed.
V. The box is on the rough-surfaced flat bed of a truck- the truck is climbing
a hill, and the box is sliding towards the back of the truck.
Answer Q1.
Answer (a) (I), (iii)
Answer (b) (ii), (IV)
Answer (c) (v)
In situation (I) and (ii) the box is not accelerating (so the net force on it must be zero) and there is no other force acting parallel to the horizontal surface; hence no friction force is needed to prevent sliding. In situation (ii) and (IV) the box would start to slide over the surface if no friction were present, so a static fraction force must act to prevent this.
In situation (V) the box is sliding over a rough surface, so a kinetic friction force acts on it.
Q # 2 A spaceship is moving in the vacuum of outer space, far from any planet, when its engine dies. As a result, the spaceship slows down and stops. What does Newton‘s first law say about this event? Marks = 5
Solution:-
In this situation there are no forces acting on the spaceship, so according to Newton’s first law, it will not stop. It continues to move in a straight line with constant speed, some science fiction movies have made use of very accurate science; this was not one of them
Solution :
“.When a credit card is “swiped” through a card reader, the information coded in a magnetic pattern on the back of the card is transmitted to the card holder's bank. Why is it necessary to swipe the card rather than holding it motionless in the card reader's slot?”
ANS: In a credit card reader, the magnetic strip on the back of a credit card is rapidly? swiped? past a coil within the reader. Explain, using the same ideas that underlie the operation of a search coil, how the reader can decode the information stored in the pattern of magnetization on the strip.
FALL 1st Assignment
Q # 1 Consider a box that is placed on different surfaces. Marks = 10
a) In which situation (s) is there no force acting on the box?
b) In which situation (s) is there a static friction force acting on the box?
c) In which situation (s) is there a kinetic friction force acting on the box?
Various possible situations are as under:
I. The box is at rest on a rough horizontal surface.
II. The box is at rest on a rough tilted surface.
III. The box is on the rough-surfaced flat bed of a truck- the truck is moving at a constant velocity on a straight, level road and the box remains in the same place in the middle of the truck bed.
IV. The box is on the rough-surfaced flat bed of a truck- the truck is speeding up on a straight, level road, and box remains in the same place in the middle of the truck bed.
V. The box is on the rough-surfaced flat bed of a truck- the truck is climbing
a hill, and the box is sliding towards the back of the truck.
Answer Q1.
Answer (a) (I), (iii)
Answer (b) (ii), (IV)
Answer (c) (v)
In situation (I) and (ii) the box is not accelerating (so the net force on it must be zero) and there is no other force acting parallel to the horizontal surface; hence no friction force is needed to prevent sliding. In situation (ii) and (IV) the box would start to slide over the surface if no friction were present, so a static fraction force must act to prevent this.
In situation (V) the box is sliding over a rough surface, so a kinetic friction force acts on it.
Q # 2 A spaceship is moving in the vacuum of outer space, far from any planet, when its engine dies. As a result, the spaceship slows down and stops. What does Newton‘s first law say about this event? Marks = 5
Solution:-
In this situation there are no forces acting on the spaceship, so according to Newton’s first law, it will not stop. It continues to move in a straight line with constant speed, some science fiction movies have made use of very accurate science; this was not one of them
FIN630 Assignment # 1 Solution
Semester “Fall 2010”
“Investment Analysis & Portfolio Management” (Fin 630)
Assignment No.01 Marks: 15
'”"""Dividend Discount Model'''''''''''
Company A is currently selling for Rs. 90 and paying dividend of Rs. 10 per share.
Dividend is expected to grow at rate of 5 percent per year. The required rate of return for
investors is 17% to invest in the stock with the degree of riskness.
Company B is currently selling for Rs. 85 and paying dividend of Rs. 10 per share. For
the next year dividend is Rs. 10.6 per share, which shows growth rate of 6 percent per
year. The required rate of return for investors is 17% to invest in the stock with the
degree of riskness.
A) Calculate the price of stock for Company A and Company B using Dividend Discount Model.
B) If you have to choose one of these two stocks, which stock you will buy?
C) If both companies have decided not to pay cash dividend but they are offering 10% stock dividend. If you are holding 500 shares of Company A and 1,000 shares of
Company B, calculate total number of shares of each Company you will hold after receiving stock dividend.
.................
Dividend Discount Model
Company A is currently selling for Rs. 90 and paying dividend of Rs. 10 per share. Dividend is expected to grow at rate of 5 percent per year. The required rate of return for investors is 17% to invest in the stock with the degree of riskness. Company B is currently selling for Rs. 85 and paying dividend of Rs. 10 per share. For the next year dividend is Rs. 10.6 per share, which shows growth rate of 6 percent per year. The required rate of return for investors is 17% to invest in the stock with the
degree of riskness.
A) Calculate the price of stock for Company A and Company B using Dividend Discount Model.
B) If you have to choose one of these two stocks, which stock you will buy?
C) If both companies have decided not to pay cash dividend but they are offering 10% stock dividend. If you are holding 500 shares of Company A and 1,000 shares of Company B, calculate total number of shares of each Company you will hold after receiving stock dividend.
Part A solution:-
Po for A = D(1+g)/r-g
Po = 10(1+0.05)/0.17 – 0.05
Po = 10(1.05)/0.12
Po = 10.5/0.12
Po = 87.5
Po for B = D(1+g)/r-g
Po = 10(1+0.06)/0.17 – 0.06
Po = 10(1.06)/0.11
Po = 10.6/0.11
Po = 96.36
Solution Part B:-
In part B I will buy the stock of company "B" because its current market price is low than fair price which we have calculated by using dividend discount model. Stock of company "B" also has greater growth rate than stock of Company "A"
Solution of Par C
Company offers 10% stock dividend to all shareholders. Means that if you own 100 shares than company will give you 10 more shares free of cost. Number of shares increases but Total Value of Firm is unchanged.
Company A = 500 Share x 10%
Company A = 500 Share x 0.10
Company A = 50
Total Number of Shares = 500+50
Total Number of Share = 550 shares
Company B = 1000 Share x 10%
Company B = 1000 Share x 0.10
Company B = 100
Total Number of Shares = 1000+100
Total Number of Shares = 1100 shares
“Investment Analysis & Portfolio Management” (Fin 630)
Assignment No.01 Marks: 15
'”"""Dividend Discount Model'''''''''''
Company A is currently selling for Rs. 90 and paying dividend of Rs. 10 per share.
Dividend is expected to grow at rate of 5 percent per year. The required rate of return for
investors is 17% to invest in the stock with the degree of riskness.
Company B is currently selling for Rs. 85 and paying dividend of Rs. 10 per share. For
the next year dividend is Rs. 10.6 per share, which shows growth rate of 6 percent per
year. The required rate of return for investors is 17% to invest in the stock with the
degree of riskness.
A) Calculate the price of stock for Company A and Company B using Dividend Discount Model.
B) If you have to choose one of these two stocks, which stock you will buy?
C) If both companies have decided not to pay cash dividend but they are offering 10% stock dividend. If you are holding 500 shares of Company A and 1,000 shares of
Company B, calculate total number of shares of each Company you will hold after receiving stock dividend.
.................
Dividend Discount Model
Company A is currently selling for Rs. 90 and paying dividend of Rs. 10 per share. Dividend is expected to grow at rate of 5 percent per year. The required rate of return for investors is 17% to invest in the stock with the degree of riskness. Company B is currently selling for Rs. 85 and paying dividend of Rs. 10 per share. For the next year dividend is Rs. 10.6 per share, which shows growth rate of 6 percent per year. The required rate of return for investors is 17% to invest in the stock with the
degree of riskness.
A) Calculate the price of stock for Company A and Company B using Dividend Discount Model.
B) If you have to choose one of these two stocks, which stock you will buy?
C) If both companies have decided not to pay cash dividend but they are offering 10% stock dividend. If you are holding 500 shares of Company A and 1,000 shares of Company B, calculate total number of shares of each Company you will hold after receiving stock dividend.
Part A solution:-
Po for A = D(1+g)/r-g
Po = 10(1+0.05)/0.17 – 0.05
Po = 10(1.05)/0.12
Po = 10.5/0.12
Po = 87.5
Po for B = D(1+g)/r-g
Po = 10(1+0.06)/0.17 – 0.06
Po = 10(1.06)/0.11
Po = 10.6/0.11
Po = 96.36
Solution Part B:-
In part B I will buy the stock of company "B" because its current market price is low than fair price which we have calculated by using dividend discount model. Stock of company "B" also has greater growth rate than stock of Company "A"
Solution of Par C
Company offers 10% stock dividend to all shareholders. Means that if you own 100 shares than company will give you 10 more shares free of cost. Number of shares increases but Total Value of Firm is unchanged.
Company A = 500 Share x 10%
Company A = 500 Share x 0.10
Company A = 50
Total Number of Shares = 500+50
Total Number of Share = 550 shares
Company B = 1000 Share x 10%
Company B = 1000 Share x 0.10
Company B = 100
Total Number of Shares = 1000+100
Total Number of Shares = 1100 shares
MGT301 Assignment # 1 Solution
CRM? What is Customer Relationship Management.
CRM is the overall progress of building and maintaining profitable customer relationships by delivering superior customer value and services.
In the new view, marketing is the science and art of find, retaining and serving the customer. This is what changes the concept of marketing
Stating this we know that Marketing must be concerned with the life time of the customer. The more the life of the customer is there the more chances are
there to survive in the Market.
For an efficient Customer relationship management customer value and satisfaction is the major point, the purpose behind the CRM is to sustain and keep your customer with you, it helps you apply
the strategies which are focused on increasing the customers satisfaction,
loyalty, and profitability by providing him better service qualities over
your competitors.
Increases the life cycle of a loyal customer as we know that a churning customer is very harmful for the revenue and the market repute of the company at the same time.
Analysis of customers buying trends is made, you know what you are to offer to the targeted customer
Identification of potential customer on his grounds.
Customer satisfaction is 85% more than compared to old school marketing techniques.
You keep the customer wondering, “What is Next?”
Customer demands more than you know what you have to offer them.
Common Goals of CRM.
You want to keep that customer with you then use a CRM design.
It helps business to use technology to get inside the customers life cycle, his trends, his likes and dislikes.
Your company can keep the customers track.
You can follow your buying behavior by the help of a CRM.
Create call center where you can facilitate the customer talk to them, make them feel better by giving them one stop solution.
Elaborate your answers with an example
Collecting data, mining, extracting and Data base Management is the new view. Now marketing is the sciences of searching, attaining, retaining and delighting the customer. Marketing must be considered with the life time value of the value and keeping this in mind CRM is the right tool to keep your customers with you. CRM acts as a Relationship building block with the customer.
Example
Telenor Pakistan
A leading Telecommunication firm establishing its ground in 2005 first quarter is now the second largest in Coverage and Number 1 in customer services (Call center) and Customer Feedback handling (By using CRM)
This firm uses an ORACLE based CRM Customer Relationship management Software called Siebel.
Siebel is the Biggest CRM tools till now available in the market. It contains unlimited Logs of data base and customer information related to every field.
This software being the most advanced DBMS of its time till present definitely given Telenor Pakistan a really big edge over all its competitors.
Advantages of this CRM.
It contains Users primary information
Keeps a track of all the package plan the user has converted into
His last 10 used Value added services
His mostly frequently dialed number
His credit classification according to the revenue he is generating to the company.
Every call the customer has ever made to the call centre for any query is recorded in this CRM for a future reference with a work code assigned for
the question the customer asks.
This basic tool has helped the company evolve into a major Telecommunications Giant in just a small frame of 5 years.
By using this tool the company manages the customer and his feedback.
Over sees what are his expectation and where can we profit from it.
Keeps track of every change made against his number.
Every customer account is equipped with a predictable table where this CRM tells what could be the customer’s next need or what offer could be attractive
to the customer.
CRM is the overall progress of building and maintaining profitable customer relationships by delivering superior customer value and services.
In the new view, marketing is the science and art of find, retaining and serving the customer. This is what changes the concept of marketing
Stating this we know that Marketing must be concerned with the life time of the customer. The more the life of the customer is there the more chances are
there to survive in the Market.
For an efficient Customer relationship management customer value and satisfaction is the major point, the purpose behind the CRM is to sustain and keep your customer with you, it helps you apply
the strategies which are focused on increasing the customers satisfaction,
loyalty, and profitability by providing him better service qualities over
your competitors.
Increases the life cycle of a loyal customer as we know that a churning customer is very harmful for the revenue and the market repute of the company at the same time.
Analysis of customers buying trends is made, you know what you are to offer to the targeted customer
Identification of potential customer on his grounds.
Customer satisfaction is 85% more than compared to old school marketing techniques.
You keep the customer wondering, “What is Next?”
Customer demands more than you know what you have to offer them.
Common Goals of CRM.
You want to keep that customer with you then use a CRM design.
It helps business to use technology to get inside the customers life cycle, his trends, his likes and dislikes.
Your company can keep the customers track.
You can follow your buying behavior by the help of a CRM.
Create call center where you can facilitate the customer talk to them, make them feel better by giving them one stop solution.
Elaborate your answers with an example
Collecting data, mining, extracting and Data base Management is the new view. Now marketing is the sciences of searching, attaining, retaining and delighting the customer. Marketing must be considered with the life time value of the value and keeping this in mind CRM is the right tool to keep your customers with you. CRM acts as a Relationship building block with the customer.
Example
Telenor Pakistan
A leading Telecommunication firm establishing its ground in 2005 first quarter is now the second largest in Coverage and Number 1 in customer services (Call center) and Customer Feedback handling (By using CRM)
This firm uses an ORACLE based CRM Customer Relationship management Software called Siebel.
Siebel is the Biggest CRM tools till now available in the market. It contains unlimited Logs of data base and customer information related to every field.
This software being the most advanced DBMS of its time till present definitely given Telenor Pakistan a really big edge over all its competitors.
Advantages of this CRM.
It contains Users primary information
Keeps a track of all the package plan the user has converted into
His last 10 used Value added services
His mostly frequently dialed number
His credit classification according to the revenue he is generating to the company.
Every call the customer has ever made to the call centre for any query is recorded in this CRM for a future reference with a work code assigned for
the question the customer asks.
This basic tool has helped the company evolve into a major Telecommunications Giant in just a small frame of 5 years.
By using this tool the company manages the customer and his feedback.
Over sees what are his expectation and where can we profit from it.
Keeps track of every change made against his number.
Every customer account is equipped with a predictable table where this CRM tells what could be the customer’s next need or what offer could be attractive
to the customer.
Sunday, October 31, 2010
MGT613 Assignment # 1 Solution
MGT 613 Idea Solution:
Maximin Approach:
Road S = 40
Road M = 55 the best
Road D = 30
Maximax Apporach:
Road S = 50
Road M = 75
Road D = 85 the best
Laplace approach:
Road S = 43.33
Road M = 63.33 the best
Road D = 56.67
Maximax regret:
The best (doubted
Between Road M & D)
Alternatives Possible Future Demands
Low
Moderate
High
Road S
40-40 = 0
40-60 = -20 50-55 = -5
Road M
55-40 = 15
60-60 = 0
75-55 = 20
Road D
30-40 = -10 55-60 = -10 85-55 = 30
Calculations
Road S = 40+40+50=130/3=43.33
Road M = 55+60+75=190/3=63.33
Road D = 30+55+85=170/3=56.67
Maximin Approach:
Road S = 40
Road M = 55 the best
Road D = 30
Maximax Apporach:
Road S = 50
Road M = 75
Road D = 85 the best
Laplace approach:
Road S = 43.33
Road M = 63.33 the best
Road D = 56.67
Maximax regret:
The best (doubted
Between Road M & D)
Alternatives Possible Future Demands
Low
Moderate
High
Road S
40-40 = 0
40-60 = -20 50-55 = -5
Road M
55-40 = 15
60-60 = 0
75-55 = 20
Road D
30-40 = -10 55-60 = -10 85-55 = 30
Calculations
Road S = 40+40+50=130/3=43.33
Road M = 55+60+75=190/3=63.33
Road D = 30+55+85=170/3=56.67
FIN625 Assignment # 1 Solution
Q1) Credit score is considered one of the best measures for checking the credit standing for anybody. If one has poor credit score then what measures can be taken in order to improve credit score?
There are followings measures to improve credit scores
1) Make your payments on time
2) Not borrowing against lines
3) Budget income
4) Saving money
5) Don’t cancel credit card
6) Pay off large debts
7) don’t cancel credit cards
8) Pay down debts
(Explain any 5 in above)
Q2) while granting loans to applicants, lending institutions first decides whether applicant has good credit worthiness. What factors the lending institutions must consider before sanctioning loan?
Factors that must consider before sanctioning loans are
<!--[if !supportLists]-->a) <!--[endif]-->Employment
<!--[if !supportLists]-->b) <!--[endif]-->Source Of Income
<!--[if !supportLists]-->c) <!--[endif]-->Credit History
<!--[if !supportLists]-->d) <!--[endif]-->Stability
<!--[if !supportLists]-->e) <!--[endif]-->Purpose Of Taking The Loan
<!--[if !supportLists]-->f) <!--[endif]-->Documentation
(DISCUSS THESE IN DETAIL BY URSELF)
There are followings measures to improve credit scores
1) Make your payments on time
2) Not borrowing against lines
3) Budget income
4) Saving money
5) Don’t cancel credit card
6) Pay off large debts
7) don’t cancel credit cards
8) Pay down debts
(Explain any 5 in above)
Q2) while granting loans to applicants, lending institutions first decides whether applicant has good credit worthiness. What factors the lending institutions must consider before sanctioning loan?
Factors that must consider before sanctioning loans are
<!--[if !supportLists]-->a) <!--[endif]-->Employment
<!--[if !supportLists]-->b) <!--[endif]-->Source Of Income
<!--[if !supportLists]-->c) <!--[endif]-->Credit History
<!--[if !supportLists]-->d) <!--[endif]-->Stability
<!--[if !supportLists]-->e) <!--[endif]-->Purpose Of Taking The Loan
<!--[if !supportLists]-->f) <!--[endif]-->Documentation
(DISCUSS THESE IN DETAIL BY URSELF)
BNK603 Assignment Solution # 1 Solution
Question 1: Strategic Economies don’t drive from Operational Excellence, but from the business concept itself.
Strategic Economies
Unlike operational efficiencies, Strategic Economies don’t drive from Operational Excellence, but from the business concept itself. Strategic Economic come in three varieties:
1. Scale
2. Focus
3. Scope
1. Scale
Scale can derive efficiencies in many ways through:
Better Plant Utilization
Greater Purchasing Power
The Muscle to enforce industry wide price discipline Industries revolutionaries often consolidate
fragmented industries. Any that gets caught behind the consolidation curve and misses the chance
to build Scale Advantage will be left with a notable disadvantage
2. Focus
A company with a high degree of Focus & Specialization may reap economies compared with competitors
with a more diffused Business Mission and a less coherent mix of products & services.
Focus is not about efficiency in a cost sense; it’s about in a don’t-get-distracted, get-all-the-wood-behindone-
arrow sense.
3. Scope
The idea here is almost opposite of focus. A company that can leverage resources and management talents
across a broad array of opportunities may have an efficiency advantage over firms that cannot. Scope
Economies come from sharing things across business units & countries; Brands, Facilities, Best Practices,
Scare Talent, IT Infrastructure, and so on. Scope Economies come in a variety of flavors; Channel Power &
access to distribution channels, Economies in buying ad space & running high-tech distribution centers.
Question 2 What kinds of challenges are being faced by the retail banking in Pakistan?
Challenges to Retail Banking in Pakistan
The issue of money laundering is very important in retail banking. This compels all the banks to
scrutinize diligently all the documents which they accept while entering into a relationship
Outsourcing has become significant in recent past because various core activities such as hardware
and software maintenance, entire ATM set up and operation (including cash, refilling) etc., are
being handled by outside vendors
Banks are expected to take utmost care to retain the ongoing trust of the public
Customer service should be at the end all in retail banking. Someone has rightly said, “It takes
months to find a good customer but only seconds to lose one.” Thus, strategy of Knowing Your
Customer (KYC) is important
The dependency on technology has brought IT departments’ additional responsibilities and
challenges in managing, maintaining and optimizing the performance of retail banking networks
It is equally important that banks should maintain security to the advance level to keep the faith of
the customer
The efficiency of operations would provide the competitive edge for the success in retail banking in
coming years
The customer retention is of paramount important for the profitability of retail banking business &
increase in the market share
One of the crucial impediments for the growth of this sector is the shortage of manpower talent of
this specific nature, a modern banking professional, for a modern banking sector
Strategic Economies
Unlike operational efficiencies, Strategic Economies don’t drive from Operational Excellence, but from the business concept itself. Strategic Economic come in three varieties:
1. Scale
2. Focus
3. Scope
1. Scale
Scale can derive efficiencies in many ways through:
Better Plant Utilization
Greater Purchasing Power
The Muscle to enforce industry wide price discipline Industries revolutionaries often consolidate
fragmented industries. Any that gets caught behind the consolidation curve and misses the chance
to build Scale Advantage will be left with a notable disadvantage
2. Focus
A company with a high degree of Focus & Specialization may reap economies compared with competitors
with a more diffused Business Mission and a less coherent mix of products & services.
Focus is not about efficiency in a cost sense; it’s about in a don’t-get-distracted, get-all-the-wood-behindone-
arrow sense.
3. Scope
The idea here is almost opposite of focus. A company that can leverage resources and management talents
across a broad array of opportunities may have an efficiency advantage over firms that cannot. Scope
Economies come from sharing things across business units & countries; Brands, Facilities, Best Practices,
Scare Talent, IT Infrastructure, and so on. Scope Economies come in a variety of flavors; Channel Power &
access to distribution channels, Economies in buying ad space & running high-tech distribution centers.
Question 2 What kinds of challenges are being faced by the retail banking in Pakistan?
Challenges to Retail Banking in Pakistan
The issue of money laundering is very important in retail banking. This compels all the banks to
scrutinize diligently all the documents which they accept while entering into a relationship
Outsourcing has become significant in recent past because various core activities such as hardware
and software maintenance, entire ATM set up and operation (including cash, refilling) etc., are
being handled by outside vendors
Banks are expected to take utmost care to retain the ongoing trust of the public
Customer service should be at the end all in retail banking. Someone has rightly said, “It takes
months to find a good customer but only seconds to lose one.” Thus, strategy of Knowing Your
Customer (KYC) is important
The dependency on technology has brought IT departments’ additional responsibilities and
challenges in managing, maintaining and optimizing the performance of retail banking networks
It is equally important that banks should maintain security to the advance level to keep the faith of
the customer
The efficiency of operations would provide the competitive edge for the success in retail banking in
coming years
The customer retention is of paramount important for the profitability of retail banking business &
increase in the market share
One of the crucial impediments for the growth of this sector is the shortage of manpower talent of
this specific nature, a modern banking professional, for a modern banking sector
CS610 Assignment # 1 Solution
Note:- its an guide not a solution but enough for solution
FOR question 1
Page no 28,29
For question 2
Page no 17,18
just read these four pages and your assignment is "SOLVED"
FOR question 1
Page no 28,29
For question 2
Page no 17,18
just read these four pages and your assignment is "SOLVED"
Saturday, October 30, 2010
MKT610 Assignment # 1 Solution
Assignment No. 1
Suppose you are the Customer Care Manager of an intercity Bus Service Company at Lahore. There are different ticketing counters for different cities for males and females. Your bus service is reputed with good time management and is linked among 20 well know cities through out the country. However a series of complaints are continuously coming from the female’s customer’s counter. These complaints are ridiculous for you and threatening for the positive image of your company.
Question 1:
Assess what could be the potential complaints at females customer counter.
Answer:
The complaints at female’s customer counter;
1: The communication gape.
2: The poor pressure handling.
3: Poor time management.
4: Lack of information regarding to the services offered by Bus Service Company.
5: Not familiar with the working environment.
Question 2:
Provide the solution for your mentioned complaints in Question 1.
Answer:
Solution for above mentioned complaints:
1: Bus Service Company should train their workers, from the customer care department especially for better communication skills. I mean the customer care department is all about the communication skills.
2: We need to train our employees to handle the pressure in an efficient way. So in any situation they can work properly.
3: Time management is the key to success in any organization. So we need to work on this area. Our employees should be familiar to the system. So they can manage the work load.
4: Bus Service Company should make sure that their employees have sufficient information about the projects and services offered by the company. So they can treat the customers in a proper way. I mean to say that they can better satisfy the customer.
5: Especially for the new employees, the company should arrange the trainings to give the information about the working environment. I mean to say that every system or the organization have its own way to work. So the new comers must be informed about the system or the set of rules the company is following. So we can have a better reputation in the market.
Suppose you are the Customer Care Manager of an intercity Bus Service Company at Lahore. There are different ticketing counters for different cities for males and females. Your bus service is reputed with good time management and is linked among 20 well know cities through out the country. However a series of complaints are continuously coming from the female’s customer’s counter. These complaints are ridiculous for you and threatening for the positive image of your company.
Question 1:
Assess what could be the potential complaints at females customer counter.
Answer:
The complaints at female’s customer counter;
1: The communication gape.
2: The poor pressure handling.
3: Poor time management.
4: Lack of information regarding to the services offered by Bus Service Company.
5: Not familiar with the working environment.
Question 2:
Provide the solution for your mentioned complaints in Question 1.
Answer:
Solution for above mentioned complaints:
1: Bus Service Company should train their workers, from the customer care department especially for better communication skills. I mean the customer care department is all about the communication skills.
2: We need to train our employees to handle the pressure in an efficient way. So in any situation they can work properly.
3: Time management is the key to success in any organization. So we need to work on this area. Our employees should be familiar to the system. So they can manage the work load.
4: Bus Service Company should make sure that their employees have sufficient information about the projects and services offered by the company. So they can treat the customers in a proper way. I mean to say that they can better satisfy the customer.
5: Especially for the new employees, the company should arrange the trainings to give the information about the working environment. I mean to say that every system or the organization have its own way to work. So the new comers must be informed about the system or the set of rules the company is following. So we can have a better reputation in the market.
MGT603 Assignment # 1 Solution
MGT603 Assignment No.1 Solution
QUESTION:
As you have read in your course that strengths and weaknesses are an organization's internal controllable activities that are performed especially well or poorly and opportunities and threats are the external factors. The organization either small or large has to keep an eye on the internal and external environment for keeping the pace with the changing environment.
Read the following situation and identify what you consider to be Fashion Inn’s major opportunities, threats, strengths, and weaknesses. List these key factors under separate headings. (5 Marks for each)
Solution:-
STRENGHTS
Sound finical condition of the owner.
Decentralized decision making approach or Entrepreneurial style of management.
Good relations with politicians.
Committed managers & employees due to participative decision making approach.
Mr. Sadiq possesses a good entrepreneurial skills.
Land of the company is not rented or leased. Its owned by the Mr. Sadiq.
WEAKNESS;
Smaller size of target market.
The company has no strong brand.
Less positioning of company s' products into customer s' mind.
Lack of marketing and operational expertise’s.
Low quality of raw material.
THREATS:
Inflation
Economic downturn
Seasonal change in garments business
Adverse economic conditions resulting lower purchasing power of customers.
Competitor s' threats.
QUESTION:
As you have read in your course that strengths and weaknesses are an organization's internal controllable activities that are performed especially well or poorly and opportunities and threats are the external factors. The organization either small or large has to keep an eye on the internal and external environment for keeping the pace with the changing environment.
Read the following situation and identify what you consider to be Fashion Inn’s major opportunities, threats, strengths, and weaknesses. List these key factors under separate headings. (5 Marks for each)
Solution:-
STRENGHTS
Sound finical condition of the owner.
Decentralized decision making approach or Entrepreneurial style of management.
Good relations with politicians.
Committed managers & employees due to participative decision making approach.
Mr. Sadiq possesses a good entrepreneurial skills.
Land of the company is not rented or leased. Its owned by the Mr. Sadiq.
WEAKNESS;
Smaller size of target market.
The company has no strong brand.
Less positioning of company s' products into customer s' mind.
Lack of marketing and operational expertise’s.
Low quality of raw material.
THREATS:
Inflation
Economic downturn
Seasonal change in garments business
Adverse economic conditions resulting lower purchasing power of customers.
Competitor s' threats.
ECO403 Assignment # 1 Solution
Solution 1
Nominal GDP Real GDP GDP reflector Inflation rate
92575 92575 100 ---
94115 82355 114.3 14.3%
145800 112450 129.7 15.4%
Formulas
For calculation nominal gdp Multiply Ps & Qs from same year llike 200*140+315*205=92575
Etc etc
Asy he bqi b calculate krni ha
Or real gdp me prices 1st wali use hongi or quantities sub ki baribari lagai jaengy
Llike 200*14+315*205=92575
200*70+315*217=82355
200*200+315*230=112450
GDP Deflator = Nominal GDP /Real GDP *10
Or inflation rate 1st --, or 2nd 114.3-100=14.3%
3rd 129.7-114.3=15.4%
Solution 2
labor force = employment * unemployment
= 164.5+8= 172.5 million
number of people not in labor force= not employed= 8 million
Labor-Force Participation Rate = Labor Force/Adult Population x 100
=172.5/329.8*100 = 52.30 million
Unemployment Rate = Number of Unemployed /Labor Force*100
=8 /17505*100= 4.64 million
Nominal GDP Real GDP GDP reflector Inflation rate
92575 92575 100 ---
94115 82355 114.3 14.3%
145800 112450 129.7 15.4%
Formulas
For calculation nominal gdp Multiply Ps & Qs from same year llike 200*140+315*205=92575
Etc etc
Asy he bqi b calculate krni ha
Or real gdp me prices 1st wali use hongi or quantities sub ki baribari lagai jaengy
Llike 200*14+315*205=92575
200*70+315*217=82355
200*200+315*230=112450
GDP Deflator = Nominal GDP /Real GDP *10
Or inflation rate 1st --, or 2nd 114.3-100=14.3%
3rd 129.7-114.3=15.4%
Solution 2
labor force = employment * unemployment
= 164.5+8= 172.5 million
number of people not in labor force= not employed= 8 million
Labor-Force Participation Rate = Labor Force/Adult Population x 100
=172.5/329.8*100 = 52.30 million
Unemployment Rate = Number of Unemployed /Labor Force*100
=8 /17505*100= 4.64 million
ACC311 Assignment # 1 Solution
Acc311 Assignment # 1 Solution
Question 1:
MR. A is a newly inducted trainee student in the audit firm. He thinks that auditor should
conduct an audit with a detective approach and should look only for frauds. Principal, Mr. X
tells him that audit has to be conducted with an approach of professional skepticism. The
principal has asked you to explain the concept of professional skepticism to Mr. A. (10)
Question 2 Explain Auditor’s responsibilities with respect to confidentiality of information. (10)
Solution
professional skepticism is conducting the audit with a questioning mind and ensuring critical assessment of the audit evidence. this means that the firm should neither go into the audit thinking that the client is very honest nor thinking that he is absolutely dishonest.......
Basic principles governing an audit
SA 200 “Basic Principals Governing an Audit”, describes the basic principles which govern
the auditor’s professional responsibilities and which should be complied with wherever an
audit is carried. They are described below:
(i) Integrity objectivity and independence: An auditor should be honest, sincere,
impartial and free from bias. He should be a man of high integrity and objectivity.
(ii) Confidentiality: The auditor should respect confidentiality of information acquired
during the course of his work and should not disclose the information without the
prior permission of the client, unless there is a legal duty to disclose.
(iii) Skill and competence: The auditor must acquire adequate training and experience.
He should be competent, skillful and keep himself abreast of the latest developments
including pronouncements of ICAI on accounting and auditing matters.
(iv) Work performed by others: If the auditor delegates some work to others and uses
work performed by others including that of an expert, he continues to be responsible
for forming and expressing his opinion on the financial information.
(v) Documentation: The auditor should document matters which are important in
providing evidence to ensure that the audit was carried out in accordance with the
basic principles.
(vi) Planning: The auditor should plan his work to enable him to conduct the audit in an
effective, efficient and timely manner. He should acquire knowledge of client’s
accounting system, the extent of reliance that could be placed on internal control and
coordinate the work to be performed.
(vii) Audit evidence: The auditor should obtain sufficient appropriate evidences through
the performance of compliance and other substantive procedures to enable him to
draw reasonable conclusions to form an opinion on the financial information.
(viii) Accounting System and Internal Control: The management is responsible for
maintaining an adequate accounting system incorporating various internal controls
appropriate to the size and nature of business. He auditor should assure himself that
the accounting system is adequate and all the information which should be recorded
has been recorded. Internal control system contributes to such assurance.
(ix) Audit conclusions and reporting: On the basis of the audit evidence, he should review
and assess the audit conclusions. He should ascertain:
Question 1:
MR. A is a newly inducted trainee student in the audit firm. He thinks that auditor should
conduct an audit with a detective approach and should look only for frauds. Principal, Mr. X
tells him that audit has to be conducted with an approach of professional skepticism. The
principal has asked you to explain the concept of professional skepticism to Mr. A. (10)
Question 2 Explain Auditor’s responsibilities with respect to confidentiality of information. (10)
Solution
professional skepticism is conducting the audit with a questioning mind and ensuring critical assessment of the audit evidence. this means that the firm should neither go into the audit thinking that the client is very honest nor thinking that he is absolutely dishonest.......
Basic principles governing an audit
SA 200 “Basic Principals Governing an Audit”, describes the basic principles which govern
the auditor’s professional responsibilities and which should be complied with wherever an
audit is carried. They are described below:
(i) Integrity objectivity and independence: An auditor should be honest, sincere,
impartial and free from bias. He should be a man of high integrity and objectivity.
(ii) Confidentiality: The auditor should respect confidentiality of information acquired
during the course of his work and should not disclose the information without the
prior permission of the client, unless there is a legal duty to disclose.
(iii) Skill and competence: The auditor must acquire adequate training and experience.
He should be competent, skillful and keep himself abreast of the latest developments
including pronouncements of ICAI on accounting and auditing matters.
(iv) Work performed by others: If the auditor delegates some work to others and uses
work performed by others including that of an expert, he continues to be responsible
for forming and expressing his opinion on the financial information.
(v) Documentation: The auditor should document matters which are important in
providing evidence to ensure that the audit was carried out in accordance with the
basic principles.
(vi) Planning: The auditor should plan his work to enable him to conduct the audit in an
effective, efficient and timely manner. He should acquire knowledge of client’s
accounting system, the extent of reliance that could be placed on internal control and
coordinate the work to be performed.
(vii) Audit evidence: The auditor should obtain sufficient appropriate evidences through
the performance of compliance and other substantive procedures to enable him to
draw reasonable conclusions to form an opinion on the financial information.
(viii) Accounting System and Internal Control: The management is responsible for
maintaining an adequate accounting system incorporating various internal controls
appropriate to the size and nature of business. He auditor should assure himself that
the accounting system is adequate and all the information which should be recorded
has been recorded. Internal control system contributes to such assurance.
(ix) Audit conclusions and reporting: On the basis of the audit evidence, he should review
and assess the audit conclusions. He should ascertain:
MKT624 Assignment # 1 Solution
Q: What do you think that it is important to convert a product into a brand?
This simply means that branding is just not about wrapping a product into a nice package and selling that in a hope that I have turned a product into a brand. The brand must require special or superior value preposition, the brand must be maintained a good relationship with customers, and also changes in response to fierce competition yet meaning the same to its loyal customers.
The customer must feel that they have full value of their money spending in terms of quality; the value has to be more than the generic product. The customer can get feel satisfaction from the products. Thus a good brand must create a good value for the company or the organization. Therefore, a brand creation is the end product of a team of professionals, nor just a single person effort it is a team effort.
The firm or the organization need to do consistent hard work to give meaning to the product to turn into a brand. The brand must represent the quality and the satisfaction of the customers. a brand represents itself in the differentiated form and features for the customers to acknowledged without differentiation a product does not qualify to be acknowledged .as a brand of the product can occupy an intended position in the customers mind than the product can convert into a brand .competition creates challenges for the brand management tools the team of professionals can face the challenges and live up to those by responding professionally. Brands go through the rough and timbre of market dynamics.
A perpetual effort is required to sustain it in the market. a good brand works as a good future sales good future earning and a source of good future demand and lasting attractiveness for the company , it also shows a strong entry barriers to competition. It also carries its value in the local market as well as in the international market a good brand must offers economies of scale in advertising, and promotions. Brands must be managed keeping in view their value for the consumer and for the company
Q 02: State five of your brands and discuss why they are so dear to you?
brands must maintain its quality and satisfaction of customers in their mind. It is not a single person creation it is an effort of team of professionals
01. ST MICHEAL: It is a firm or organization can create good quality products for the valued customers. It has a local and international market. It creates shirts, trousers, socks, sweaters and so on. For their customers. The company can create a good image on the customers mind. The company can make its products according to its customer’s needs. In 2006 I was in USA, I bought the trouser from the store of the ST Michael‘s store. After a couple of days I thought it is not so good enough, I was go there ask to the reception officer if there is any possibility I want to change the trouser with the new design and new style trousers. He asks me you go and change as you want. I was very pleased to him and thanks to him. That’s the company policy can create a good image in my mind I give him a price differentiation money and says thanks to him. That’s the tool through which the company can create a good satisfaction in the customer’s mind and also the customers can want to buy in the future.
02. SONY: It is a firm which can produce mobiles phones, television, LCD, monitors, stereo systems etc. it captures its local market as well as its international market. it creates a good quality product which can use after its warranty expires. It has created a brand name in its customer’s mind. After a product is purchased by the customer the company can provide its free spare parts warranty in the limited period.
The company can create its product according to the customer’s need. That the customer can easily afford to buy it. The firm or the company can create lots of difference in their product among competitors. The person or the customer of electronic product he must first prefer to buy a Sony product that is a good and long life product. The company can also introduce a new technology in their products. That the customer can want to buy it. Some customers have special attention to the new technology products and it prefer to buy it as soon as possible.
03. HONDA: it is that firm or company which produces a vehicles or cars for its customers. The company can differ in styles, quality products, luxurious and lifelong in their products among competitors. it can create an image on the customer’s mind. Company can create or turn its products into a brand and thus now he has generated a good cash flow, good future revenue for it. As time passed it introduces new technology in their vehicles manufactured so that the valued customers can want to buy it. The company can produce a product that can be durable, long life and good quality products.
04. IBM: IBM is a firm which can produce computer systems, LCD’s, keyboard, and other applications of the computer systems. it produces a short body system which have a greater speed of there applications. There products must be long life and there products might be working in extreme cold and hot conditions or climate. The system user can already know its durability and quality of the IBM it produces its products in all sizes, different designs which can show the company’s image. The spare parts of the system can be easily in local market as well as in international markets.
05. NOKIA: it is multinational company. It produces mobiles phones and there accessories of mobile phones for their customers. It produces a good quality and long life mobile phones. The new and old customers can know its performance and durability so that’s why the every customer can want to purchase according to its range. The company can introduce a new technology features in its products. The company can create its products in different sizes, styles, and designs which the customer wants. NOKIA can create its huge market in he whole world. Its competitors cannot compete in mobiles phones applications. The customer first preference is to buy a new good looking product. It also give its body parts and other accessories of the mobile phone in the market. The price of the product can also attract the customer itself.
This simply means that branding is just not about wrapping a product into a nice package and selling that in a hope that I have turned a product into a brand. The brand must require special or superior value preposition, the brand must be maintained a good relationship with customers, and also changes in response to fierce competition yet meaning the same to its loyal customers.
The customer must feel that they have full value of their money spending in terms of quality; the value has to be more than the generic product. The customer can get feel satisfaction from the products. Thus a good brand must create a good value for the company or the organization. Therefore, a brand creation is the end product of a team of professionals, nor just a single person effort it is a team effort.
The firm or the organization need to do consistent hard work to give meaning to the product to turn into a brand. The brand must represent the quality and the satisfaction of the customers. a brand represents itself in the differentiated form and features for the customers to acknowledged without differentiation a product does not qualify to be acknowledged .as a brand of the product can occupy an intended position in the customers mind than the product can convert into a brand .competition creates challenges for the brand management tools the team of professionals can face the challenges and live up to those by responding professionally. Brands go through the rough and timbre of market dynamics.
A perpetual effort is required to sustain it in the market. a good brand works as a good future sales good future earning and a source of good future demand and lasting attractiveness for the company , it also shows a strong entry barriers to competition. It also carries its value in the local market as well as in the international market a good brand must offers economies of scale in advertising, and promotions. Brands must be managed keeping in view their value for the consumer and for the company
Q 02: State five of your brands and discuss why they are so dear to you?
brands must maintain its quality and satisfaction of customers in their mind. It is not a single person creation it is an effort of team of professionals
01. ST MICHEAL: It is a firm or organization can create good quality products for the valued customers. It has a local and international market. It creates shirts, trousers, socks, sweaters and so on. For their customers. The company can create a good image on the customers mind. The company can make its products according to its customer’s needs. In 2006 I was in USA, I bought the trouser from the store of the ST Michael‘s store. After a couple of days I thought it is not so good enough, I was go there ask to the reception officer if there is any possibility I want to change the trouser with the new design and new style trousers. He asks me you go and change as you want. I was very pleased to him and thanks to him. That’s the company policy can create a good image in my mind I give him a price differentiation money and says thanks to him. That’s the tool through which the company can create a good satisfaction in the customer’s mind and also the customers can want to buy in the future.
02. SONY: It is a firm which can produce mobiles phones, television, LCD, monitors, stereo systems etc. it captures its local market as well as its international market. it creates a good quality product which can use after its warranty expires. It has created a brand name in its customer’s mind. After a product is purchased by the customer the company can provide its free spare parts warranty in the limited period.
The company can create its product according to the customer’s need. That the customer can easily afford to buy it. The firm or the company can create lots of difference in their product among competitors. The person or the customer of electronic product he must first prefer to buy a Sony product that is a good and long life product. The company can also introduce a new technology in their products. That the customer can want to buy it. Some customers have special attention to the new technology products and it prefer to buy it as soon as possible.
03. HONDA: it is that firm or company which produces a vehicles or cars for its customers. The company can differ in styles, quality products, luxurious and lifelong in their products among competitors. it can create an image on the customer’s mind. Company can create or turn its products into a brand and thus now he has generated a good cash flow, good future revenue for it. As time passed it introduces new technology in their vehicles manufactured so that the valued customers can want to buy it. The company can produce a product that can be durable, long life and good quality products.
04. IBM: IBM is a firm which can produce computer systems, LCD’s, keyboard, and other applications of the computer systems. it produces a short body system which have a greater speed of there applications. There products must be long life and there products might be working in extreme cold and hot conditions or climate. The system user can already know its durability and quality of the IBM it produces its products in all sizes, different designs which can show the company’s image. The spare parts of the system can be easily in local market as well as in international markets.
05. NOKIA: it is multinational company. It produces mobiles phones and there accessories of mobile phones for their customers. It produces a good quality and long life mobile phones. The new and old customers can know its performance and durability so that’s why the every customer can want to purchase according to its range. The company can introduce a new technology features in its products. The company can create its products in different sizes, styles, and designs which the customer wants. NOKIA can create its huge market in he whole world. Its competitors cannot compete in mobiles phones applications. The customer first preference is to buy a new good looking product. It also give its body parts and other accessories of the mobile phone in the market. The price of the product can also attract the customer itself.
Friday, October 29, 2010
MTH302 Assignment # 1 Solution
MTH302 Assignment # 1 Solution
Solution:
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Solution:
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MGMT625 Assignment # 1 Solution
MGMT625 Assignment # 1 Solution
Solution:
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Solution:
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HRM624 GDB # 1 Solution
HRM624 GDB No. 1 Announced (solution)
Sections 102-106 of the Local Government Ordinance, 2001
This section included in the constitution to help people to get their dispute resolved at small levels. For example divorce case can be resolved at the ‘Nazim’ or even counselor level of the town. This makes people’s life more comfortable and now so many cases of this nature can be resolved at this lower level. Do you think that this law really helps people in resolving issues and reduces the number of cases pending in the courts?
Answer:
Download the Link: File name: HRM624 GDB # 1 Solution.doc
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Sections 102-106 of the Local Government Ordinance, 2001
This section included in the constitution to help people to get their dispute resolved at small levels. For example divorce case can be resolved at the ‘Nazim’ or even counselor level of the town. This makes people’s life more comfortable and now so many cases of this nature can be resolved at this lower level. Do you think that this law really helps people in resolving issues and reduces the number of cases pending in the courts?
Answer:
Download the Link: File name: HRM624 GDB # 1 Solution.doc
File size:29.00 KB
MGT501 Assignmnet # 1 Solution
“Human Resource Management (Mgt501)” Assignment No. 1 Marks: 15
“HRM in changing environment”
ASSIGNMENT QUESTION
With the evolution of the study of HRM, it is no more mere an academic discipline rather an important factor of organizational success in the practical field. Today HRM needs to sense, respond and deal with all the issues of the organization at different levels and prove its worth. As per the above mentioned paragraph, what could be the different fronts, both internal and external, HRM has to struggle at?
The answer of assignment should not exceed 700 words.
Solution:
With the evolution of the study of HRM, it is no more mere an academic discipline rather an important factor of organizational success in the practical field. Today HRM needs to sense, respond and deal with all the issues of the organization at different levels and prove its worth. As per the above mentioned paragraph, what could be the different fronts, both internal and external, HRM has to struggle at?
The conditions of the competitive global business environment resulted to diverse problems that affect the overall stature of an organization. In the recent years, conflict within the organization is among the most common problems that every management personnel are dealing. Any industry – profit- or non-profit-based, is not exempted and has been singled out as prevalent areas where dispute is popular. Since any industry has a potential in contributing sustainable development in every given economy, there is a need to maintain the most favorable working environment that is free from any conflict. Managers and other personnel need guidance to help them reduce the impact associated with disputes in both management and operating functions. This is done through various conflict resolution systems.
Conflict resolution is important because of the fact that conflict is unavoidable. Conflict is inevitable in every organization because the business environment, both external and internal, experience changes constantly.
External fronts
For instance, the rapid development of technology makes other approaches obsolete, as more and more companies accept the change, affecting the standards in business processes. When business processes are affected and an organization is forced to change its ways, the problem with human factors would then take place.
Internal fronts
Staff and employees are not passive individuals, but rather show reactions to such changes. Change affects many working processes that might have a direct or indirect impact on an employee. The impact might affect the way they work or might determine their attitude in adapting with the changes that took place. Furthermore, most likely there will also be problems on the capabilities of the employees to adapt with the change
For example, the implementation of new information systems or any technology requires the knowledge of the employees to operate. If the employees are unfamiliar or lack the trainings needed, the pace of change will slow and implementation would most likely fail.
“HRM in changing environment”
ASSIGNMENT QUESTION
With the evolution of the study of HRM, it is no more mere an academic discipline rather an important factor of organizational success in the practical field. Today HRM needs to sense, respond and deal with all the issues of the organization at different levels and prove its worth. As per the above mentioned paragraph, what could be the different fronts, both internal and external, HRM has to struggle at?
The answer of assignment should not exceed 700 words.
Solution:
With the evolution of the study of HRM, it is no more mere an academic discipline rather an important factor of organizational success in the practical field. Today HRM needs to sense, respond and deal with all the issues of the organization at different levels and prove its worth. As per the above mentioned paragraph, what could be the different fronts, both internal and external, HRM has to struggle at?
The conditions of the competitive global business environment resulted to diverse problems that affect the overall stature of an organization. In the recent years, conflict within the organization is among the most common problems that every management personnel are dealing. Any industry – profit- or non-profit-based, is not exempted and has been singled out as prevalent areas where dispute is popular. Since any industry has a potential in contributing sustainable development in every given economy, there is a need to maintain the most favorable working environment that is free from any conflict. Managers and other personnel need guidance to help them reduce the impact associated with disputes in both management and operating functions. This is done through various conflict resolution systems.
Conflict resolution is important because of the fact that conflict is unavoidable. Conflict is inevitable in every organization because the business environment, both external and internal, experience changes constantly.
External fronts
For instance, the rapid development of technology makes other approaches obsolete, as more and more companies accept the change, affecting the standards in business processes. When business processes are affected and an organization is forced to change its ways, the problem with human factors would then take place.
Internal fronts
Staff and employees are not passive individuals, but rather show reactions to such changes. Change affects many working processes that might have a direct or indirect impact on an employee. The impact might affect the way they work or might determine their attitude in adapting with the changes that took place. Furthermore, most likely there will also be problems on the capabilities of the employees to adapt with the change
For example, the implementation of new information systems or any technology requires the knowledge of the employees to operate. If the employees are unfamiliar or lack the trainings needed, the pace of change will slow and implementation would most likely fail.
MGMT623 Assignment # 1 Solution
MGMT623 assignment #1 Solution
Q1. How initiating structure, relates to planning, organizing and controlling? Give your opinion.
Solution:
Initiating Structure:-
According to Ohio state Leadership studies initiating structure of Behaviors is that the leader is task oriented and direct to subordinates for specific action.
In initiating structure behaviors the subordinates would not know what is expected, how to coordinate their work with others, or how their work relates to any group or organizational goals. This leads to frustration among workers and ultimately influences their productivity with proper Planning, then organizing the specific work and all resources to specific mission or action how to do. He manages the materials and facilities information resources by performing administrative activities to maintaining quality and uses personnel decision making and the controlling all this process. Without relation of POLCA function the initiating structure is neutral.
Q2 how would initiating structure help a manager do an effective job of re-engineering?
Solution:
Initiating structure helps the manager in job of reengineering:
In initiating structure of behaviors manager has to define the goal to achieve it. He defines and organizes his role and the roles of followers, is oriented toward goal attainment, and establishes well-defined patterns and channels of communication then he planes a strategy and finally selected decision is made to follow up. When he comes to organize the resources for the specific function he finds maximum of things in already structured form... He gets with low input high or very high out put.
When first time he does this job then he let group members know what is expected of them. Then he encourages the use of uniform procedures and full offer to the followers to try out ideas in the group. Decides that what shall be done and how it shall be done by assigning group members to particular tasks and Makes sure that his/her part in the group is understood by group members.
He makes Schedule of work to be done by standards of performance and ask the members to follow the rules and regulation.
So initiating structure of behaviors manager helps much more in process of reengineering.
Q1. How initiating structure, relates to planning, organizing and controlling? Give your opinion.
Solution:
Initiating Structure:-
According to Ohio state Leadership studies initiating structure of Behaviors is that the leader is task oriented and direct to subordinates for specific action.
In initiating structure behaviors the subordinates would not know what is expected, how to coordinate their work with others, or how their work relates to any group or organizational goals. This leads to frustration among workers and ultimately influences their productivity with proper Planning, then organizing the specific work and all resources to specific mission or action how to do. He manages the materials and facilities information resources by performing administrative activities to maintaining quality and uses personnel decision making and the controlling all this process. Without relation of POLCA function the initiating structure is neutral.
Q2 how would initiating structure help a manager do an effective job of re-engineering?
Solution:
Initiating structure helps the manager in job of reengineering:
In initiating structure of behaviors manager has to define the goal to achieve it. He defines and organizes his role and the roles of followers, is oriented toward goal attainment, and establishes well-defined patterns and channels of communication then he planes a strategy and finally selected decision is made to follow up. When he comes to organize the resources for the specific function he finds maximum of things in already structured form... He gets with low input high or very high out put.
When first time he does this job then he let group members know what is expected of them. Then he encourages the use of uniform procedures and full offer to the followers to try out ideas in the group. Decides that what shall be done and how it shall be done by assigning group members to particular tasks and Makes sure that his/her part in the group is understood by group members.
He makes Schedule of work to be done by standards of performance and ask the members to follow the rules and regulation.
So initiating structure of behaviors manager helps much more in process of reengineering.
MGT503 Assignment # 1 Solution
Semester “Fall 2010”
“Principles of Management (MGT503)”
Assignment No. 1 Marks:15
“Mathematical Modeling in Management”
Q1) Can mathematical modeling or quantitative techniques help the manager to solve the problem of work assignment? Rationally support your argument. 15 Marks
Solution:
“Principles of Management (MGT503)”
Assignment No. 1 Marks:15
“Mathematical Modeling in Management”
Q1) Can mathematical modeling or quantitative techniques help the manager to solve the problem of work assignment? Rationally support your argument. 15 Marks
Solution:
Thursday, October 28, 2010
MGT201 Assignment # 1 Solution
Financial Management MGT201
Assignment 1
ABC Corporation, a maker of electronics equipments, is considering selling the rights to market its products to a well_known advertising firm.
The proposed deal calls for annual year end payments of Rs.15,000 in years 1 through 7 and
payments of Rs.30,000 and Rs.25,000 at the end of 8th and 9th year respectively . A final payment of Rs. 10,000 would be due at the end of year 10.
1. If ABC Corporation applies a required rate of return of 12% to them, what is the present value of this series of payments?
Solution:
Year Cash Flows Present Value of Cash Flows
PV = FV / (1+i)^n
1 15,000 13,392.86
2 15,000 11,957.91
3 15,000 10,676.70
4 15,000 9,532.77
5 15,000 8,511.40
6 15,000 7,599.47
7 15,000 6,785.24
8 30,000 12,116.50
9 25,000 9,015.25
10 10,000 3,219.73
Present Value of series of payments 92,807.83
2. A second company has offered ABC Corporation a payment of Rs.30,000 now and
another final payment of Rs.80,000 at the end of year 3 for the rights to market the
products. Which offer should ABC Corporation accept?
Year Cash Flows Present Value of Cash Flows
PV = FV / (1+i)^n
1 30,000 30,000.00 (As this payment was
made immediately, therefore
carries no interest)
3 80,000 56,942.42
Present Value of series of payments 86,942.42
ABC corporation must accept the proposal whose Present Value of Series of Payment is higher
i.e. 92,807.83
Assignment 1
ABC Corporation, a maker of electronics equipments, is considering selling the rights to market its products to a well_known advertising firm.
The proposed deal calls for annual year end payments of Rs.15,000 in years 1 through 7 and
payments of Rs.30,000 and Rs.25,000 at the end of 8th and 9th year respectively . A final payment of Rs. 10,000 would be due at the end of year 10.
1. If ABC Corporation applies a required rate of return of 12% to them, what is the present value of this series of payments?
Solution:
Year Cash Flows Present Value of Cash Flows
PV = FV / (1+i)^n
1 15,000 13,392.86
2 15,000 11,957.91
3 15,000 10,676.70
4 15,000 9,532.77
5 15,000 8,511.40
6 15,000 7,599.47
7 15,000 6,785.24
8 30,000 12,116.50
9 25,000 9,015.25
10 10,000 3,219.73
Present Value of series of payments 92,807.83
2. A second company has offered ABC Corporation a payment of Rs.30,000 now and
another final payment of Rs.80,000 at the end of year 3 for the rights to market the
products. Which offer should ABC Corporation accept?
Year Cash Flows Present Value of Cash Flows
PV = FV / (1+i)^n
1 30,000 30,000.00 (As this payment was
made immediately, therefore
carries no interest)
3 80,000 56,942.42
Present Value of series of payments 86,942.42
ABC corporation must accept the proposal whose Present Value of Series of Payment is higher
i.e. 92,807.83
MGT301 Assignment # 1 Solution
Solution:
a) Define Customer Relationship Management (CRM) & its purpose? (2+3)
Customer Relationship Management
“The ability of an entire organization to effectively identify, acquires, foster and retain loyal profitable customers.”
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) boiling down to one simple concept: loyal, profitable customers. Loyal because we know that longtime customers tend to buy more and are easier, and subsequently more cost effective, to sell new products to than trying to acquire new customers
Profitable because this is what makes or breaks us as a business.
Purpose of CRM
The purpose of CRM is improved proximity to clients to respond to their needs and turn them into loyal customers. A CRM project therefore includes providing each sector of the company with access to the information system to get to know the client better and provide him with products and services which meet his expectations in the best possible way.
b) Elaborate your answer with the help of example? (5)
The organization and the customers both have sets of conditions to consider when building the relationship, such as wants and needs of both parties;
• organizations need to make a profit to survive and grow
• customers want good service, a quality product and an acceptable price
Mortgage brokers have a special type of business, a business that needs specific CRM software capabilities. One of the major parts of mortgage broking is client relationships. Not only does the client need to feel confident in your abilities as a broker, but it's also important for your business that the client enjoys the experience so that they will refer you future business.
c) Why CRM is different from traditional marketing? (5)
From the marketing perspective, traditional marketing builds category need, awareness of the product (through recall & recognition), a positive attitude (through developing knowledge of the product & liking it) and intention to buy (through consideration of the product and preferring it). Hopefully, a sale occurs at this point. Relationship marketing takes over after the sale for existing customers by stimulating the intention to buy and sometimes after the sale through post-purchase reinforcement. In other words, you should use traditional marketing to recruit new customers and relationship marketing to maintain the relationship with them once you brought them in.
a) Define Customer Relationship Management (CRM) & its purpose? (2+3)
Customer Relationship Management
“The ability of an entire organization to effectively identify, acquires, foster and retain loyal profitable customers.”
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) boiling down to one simple concept: loyal, profitable customers. Loyal because we know that longtime customers tend to buy more and are easier, and subsequently more cost effective, to sell new products to than trying to acquire new customers
Profitable because this is what makes or breaks us as a business.
Purpose of CRM
The purpose of CRM is improved proximity to clients to respond to their needs and turn them into loyal customers. A CRM project therefore includes providing each sector of the company with access to the information system to get to know the client better and provide him with products and services which meet his expectations in the best possible way.
b) Elaborate your answer with the help of example? (5)
The organization and the customers both have sets of conditions to consider when building the relationship, such as wants and needs of both parties;
• organizations need to make a profit to survive and grow
• customers want good service, a quality product and an acceptable price
Mortgage brokers have a special type of business, a business that needs specific CRM software capabilities. One of the major parts of mortgage broking is client relationships. Not only does the client need to feel confident in your abilities as a broker, but it's also important for your business that the client enjoys the experience so that they will refer you future business.
c) Why CRM is different from traditional marketing? (5)
From the marketing perspective, traditional marketing builds category need, awareness of the product (through recall & recognition), a positive attitude (through developing knowledge of the product & liking it) and intention to buy (through consideration of the product and preferring it). Hopefully, a sale occurs at this point. Relationship marketing takes over after the sale for existing customers by stimulating the intention to buy and sometimes after the sale through post-purchase reinforcement. In other words, you should use traditional marketing to recruit new customers and relationship marketing to maintain the relationship with them once you brought them in.
ENG101 Assignment # 1 Solution
Ans 1: Topic: Childhood - a gauge of one's future (or something along these lines).
Ans 2: Main Idea: The influences gained and traits developed during one's childhood are deciding factors of one's personality growth and future.
Healthy influences include a nurturing environment for the development of body, mind and soul of a child, thorough character building lessons, positive examples in a child's immediate atmosphere and other facilities of this sort which can enhance a child's personality, character and help him grow up as a well-grounded adult, free of any inherited ethical or moral weaknesses.
Q2: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of words. (5)
1. The child spoke ___________ about her trip to Disney land.
a) Energetically
b) Energy
c) Energize
d) Energetic
2. My class ___________ told me that I should study chemistry.
a) Advisable
b) Advise
c) Advice
d) Advisor
3. The student asked if he could have an __________ on his paper.
a) Extent
b) Extend
c) Extension
d) Extensive
4. I like _____________children books.
a) Illustrator
b) Illustration
c) Illustrate
d) Illustrated
5. The criminal had a very ___________ scar on his face.
a) Noticeable
b) Noticed
c) Notice
d) Noticeably
Ans 2: Main Idea: The influences gained and traits developed during one's childhood are deciding factors of one's personality growth and future.
Healthy influences include a nurturing environment for the development of body, mind and soul of a child, thorough character building lessons, positive examples in a child's immediate atmosphere and other facilities of this sort which can enhance a child's personality, character and help him grow up as a well-grounded adult, free of any inherited ethical or moral weaknesses.
Q2: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of words. (5)
1. The child spoke ___________ about her trip to Disney land.
a) Energetically
b) Energy
c) Energize
d) Energetic
2. My class ___________ told me that I should study chemistry.
a) Advisable
b) Advise
c) Advice
d) Advisor
3. The student asked if he could have an __________ on his paper.
a) Extent
b) Extend
c) Extension
d) Extensive
4. I like _____________children books.
a) Illustrator
b) Illustration
c) Illustrate
d) Illustrated
5. The criminal had a very ___________ scar on his face.
a) Noticeable
b) Noticed
c) Notice
d) Noticeably
Wednesday, October 27, 2010
FIN622 Assignment # 1 Solution
Assignment No. 1 Marks: 20
ABC corporation stock is selling for Rs. 150 per share according to Karachi stock exchange market summary. A rumor about the company has been heard that the firm will make an exciting new product announcement next week. By studying the industry, it is being concluded that this new product will support a growth rate of 20% in dividend for two years. After that it is expected that the growth rate in dividend will decline to 6% and remains same onwards. The firm currently pays an annual dividend of Rs. 4.
The rate of return on stocks like ABC corporation is 10%.
Required:
I. Find out the values for D1, D2 and D3 (8 Marks)
II. What will be the price of stock (P2) at the end of year 2? (4 Marks)
III. What will be the present value (P0) of stock? (6 Marks)
IV. Should we buy stocks of ABC Corporation at Rs. 150? (2 Marks)
solution:
Find out the values for D1, D2 and D3
D1= 4 (1+0.2) =4.8
D2= 4.8 (1+0.2) =5.76
D3=5.76 (1+0.05) =6.11
What will be the price of stock (P2) at the end of year 2?
P2= 5.76 (1+0.2)/ .1-0.05
P2=138.24
What will be the present value (P0) of stock?
PO= 4.8/(1+.1)1 + 5.76/(1+.1)2 + 6.11/(1+.1)3 + 128.31/(1.1)3
= 110
Should we buy stocks of ABC Corporation at Rs. 150
As the present value of the stock is less then the current selling price so the stock
should not be purchased
ABC corporation stock is selling for Rs. 150 per share according to Karachi stock exchange market summary. A rumor about the company has been heard that the firm will make an exciting new product announcement next week. By studying the industry, it is being concluded that this new product will support a growth rate of 20% in dividend for two years. After that it is expected that the growth rate in dividend will decline to 6% and remains same onwards. The firm currently pays an annual dividend of Rs. 4.
The rate of return on stocks like ABC corporation is 10%.
Required:
I. Find out the values for D1, D2 and D3 (8 Marks)
II. What will be the price of stock (P2) at the end of year 2? (4 Marks)
III. What will be the present value (P0) of stock? (6 Marks)
IV. Should we buy stocks of ABC Corporation at Rs. 150? (2 Marks)
solution:
Find out the values for D1, D2 and D3
D1= 4 (1+0.2) =4.8
D2= 4.8 (1+0.2) =5.76
D3=5.76 (1+0.05) =6.11
What will be the price of stock (P2) at the end of year 2?
P2= 5.76 (1+0.2)/ .1-0.05
P2=138.24
What will be the present value (P0) of stock?
PO= 4.8/(1+.1)1 + 5.76/(1+.1)2 + 6.11/(1+.1)3 + 128.31/(1.1)3
= 110
Should we buy stocks of ABC Corporation at Rs. 150
As the present value of the stock is less then the current selling price so the stock
should not be purchased
ISL201 Assignment # 1 Solution
The Doctrine of Tauheed “Oneness of Allah” is the very basic dogma of Islam. It means belief in oneness of Allah as He is the solitary Creator of the whole universe, everything belongs to Allah, that there is no one but Allah, no one like Him, or opposite Him, or equal to Him. You have to describe in detail how this doctrine of Tauheed “Oneness of Allah” effects on human life?
Solution:-
When an individual pronounces the testimony: "Ash-hadu allaa ilaaha illallaah wa ash-hadu anna Muhammadar- Rasullullaah" (I testify that there is no god worthy of worship except Allaah and I testify that Muhammad is His Messenger), believing in it and acting upon it, he experiences a noticeable change in his life. By understanding who his Lord is as well as the purpose of his creation, he will be able to achieve success in this life and the next. This success emanates from the following points:
1- A believer in this testimony can never be narrow in outlook. He believes in Allaah, Who is the Creator of the heavens and the earth, the Master of the universe and its Sustainer. After this belief, he does not regard anything in the world as a stranger to himself. He looks on everything in the universe as belonging to the same Lord he himself belongs to. Allaah Almighty Says (what means): "Say (O Muhammad): 'To whom belongs all that is in the heavens and on earth?' Say: 'To Allaah.'" [Quran 6:12]
His sympathy, love and service are not confined to any particular sphere or group. His vision is broadened, his intellectual horizon widens, and his outlook becomes as liberal and as boundless as is the Kingdom of Allaah. How can this width of vision and breadth of mind be achieved by an atheist, a polytheist or one who believes in a deity supposed to possess limited and defective powers like a man?
2- This belief produces in man the highest degree of self-respect and self esteem. The believer knows that Allaah Alone is the Possessor of all power, and that none besides Him can benefit or harm a person, or provide for his needs, or give and take away life or wield authority or influence. This conviction makes him indifferent to, independent on, and fearless of all powers other than those of Allaah. He never bows his head in homage to any of Allaah's creatures, nor does he stretch out his hand before anyone else. He is not overawed by anybody's greatness. This attitude of mind cannot be produced by any other belief.
3- Along with self-respect, this belief also generates in man a sense of modesty and humbleness. It makes him unostentatious and unpretending. A believer never becomes proud, haughty or arrogant. The boisterous pride of power, wealth and worth can have no room in his heart, because he knows that whatever he possesses has been given to him by Allaah, and that Allaah can take away just as He can give. In contrast to this, an unbeliever, when he achieves some worldly merit, becomes proud and conceited because he believes that his merit is due to his own worth. In the same way, pride and self-conceit are a necessary outcomes and concomitants of 'Shirk' (association of others with Allaah in worship), because a polytheist believes that he has a particular relation with deities, which does not exist between them and other people.
4- This belief makes man virtuous and upright. He has the conviction that there is no other means of success and salvation for him except purity of soul and righteousness of behavior. He has perfect faith in Allaah Who is Above all needs, is related to none and is absolutely Just. This belief creates in him the consciousness that unless he lives rightly and acts justly, he cannot succeed. No influence or underhand activity can save him from ruin.
As to those who do not believe that there is any Being having power over them, to whom they should be responsible for their good or bad actions; therefore, they consider themselves independent to act in whatever way they like. Their own fancies become their gods and they live like slaves of their wishes and desires. Allaah states in the Quran (what means): "Have you seen he who has taken as his god his [own] desire, and Allaah, knowing (him as such), left him astray, and has set a seal upon his hearing and his heart, and put over his vision a veil? So who will guide him after Allaah? Will you not then remember?" [Quran 45:23]
5- The believer never becomes despondent. He has a firm faith in Allaah Who is The Master of all the treasures of the earth and the heavens, Whose grace and bounty have no limit and Whose power is infinite. This faith imparts to his heart extraordinary consolation, fills it with satisfaction and keeps it filled with hope. Although he may be met with rejection from all sides in this world, faith in and dependence on Allaah never leave him, and on that strength he goes on struggling. Such profound confidence can result from no other belief than belief in Allaah Alone.
Atheists have small hearts; in the sense that they depend on limited abilities; therefore, in times of trouble they are soon overwhelmed by despair and, frequently, they commit suicide.
The testimony of Prof. Joad is also very explicit on this point. He writes about the West: "For the first time in history there is coming to maturity a generation of men and women who have no religion, and feel no need for one. They are content to ignore it. Also they are very unhappy, and the suicide rate is abnormally high." [C. E. M. Joad. The Present and Future of Religion, quoted by Sir Arnold Lunn., And Yet So New, London, 1958, p. 228]
As to the world of Islam, let the views of a non-Muslim historian, not in any way being sympathetic to Islam, be read with profit:
"In this uncompromising monotheism, with its simple and enthusiastic faith in the supreme rule of a transcendent being, lies the chief strength of Islam. Its adherents enjoy a consciousness of contentment and resignation unknown among followers of most creeds." [Suicide Is Rare in Muslim Lands] (Phillip K. Hitti, History of the Arabs, 1951, p.129)
6- This testimony of faith inspires bravery in man. There are two things which make a man cowardly: (a) fear of death and love of safety, and (b) the idea that there is someone else besides Allaah who can take away life, and that man- by adopting certain devices- can ward off death. Belief in 'Laa ilaaha illallaah'' blocks and drives away both these ideas. The first idea goes out of his mind because he knows that his life and his property and everything else really belong to Allaah, and he becomes ready to sacrifice his all for the pleasure of Allaah. He gets rid of the second idea because he knows that no weapon, no man or animal has the power of taking away his life; Allaah alone has the power to do so. A time has been ordained for him, and all the forces of the world combined cannot take away anyone's life before that time.
It is for this reason that no one is braver than the one who has faith in Allaah. Nothing can daunt him: not even the strongest tempest of adversity and the mightiest of armies.
7- The belief in 'Laa ilaaha illallaah' creates an attitude of peace and contentment, purges the mind of jealousy, envy and greed, and keeps away the temptations of resorting to base and unfair means for achieving success. The believer understands that wealth is in Allaah's hands, and He apportions it out as He Wills; that honor, power, reputation and authority - everything - is also subjected to His Will, and He bestows them as He Wills; and that man's duty is only to endeavor and to struggle fairly.
Solution:-
When an individual pronounces the testimony: "Ash-hadu allaa ilaaha illallaah wa ash-hadu anna Muhammadar- Rasullullaah" (I testify that there is no god worthy of worship except Allaah and I testify that Muhammad is His Messenger), believing in it and acting upon it, he experiences a noticeable change in his life. By understanding who his Lord is as well as the purpose of his creation, he will be able to achieve success in this life and the next. This success emanates from the following points:
1- A believer in this testimony can never be narrow in outlook. He believes in Allaah, Who is the Creator of the heavens and the earth, the Master of the universe and its Sustainer. After this belief, he does not regard anything in the world as a stranger to himself. He looks on everything in the universe as belonging to the same Lord he himself belongs to. Allaah Almighty Says (what means): "Say (O Muhammad): 'To whom belongs all that is in the heavens and on earth?' Say: 'To Allaah.'" [Quran 6:12]
His sympathy, love and service are not confined to any particular sphere or group. His vision is broadened, his intellectual horizon widens, and his outlook becomes as liberal and as boundless as is the Kingdom of Allaah. How can this width of vision and breadth of mind be achieved by an atheist, a polytheist or one who believes in a deity supposed to possess limited and defective powers like a man?
2- This belief produces in man the highest degree of self-respect and self esteem. The believer knows that Allaah Alone is the Possessor of all power, and that none besides Him can benefit or harm a person, or provide for his needs, or give and take away life or wield authority or influence. This conviction makes him indifferent to, independent on, and fearless of all powers other than those of Allaah. He never bows his head in homage to any of Allaah's creatures, nor does he stretch out his hand before anyone else. He is not overawed by anybody's greatness. This attitude of mind cannot be produced by any other belief.
3- Along with self-respect, this belief also generates in man a sense of modesty and humbleness. It makes him unostentatious and unpretending. A believer never becomes proud, haughty or arrogant. The boisterous pride of power, wealth and worth can have no room in his heart, because he knows that whatever he possesses has been given to him by Allaah, and that Allaah can take away just as He can give. In contrast to this, an unbeliever, when he achieves some worldly merit, becomes proud and conceited because he believes that his merit is due to his own worth. In the same way, pride and self-conceit are a necessary outcomes and concomitants of 'Shirk' (association of others with Allaah in worship), because a polytheist believes that he has a particular relation with deities, which does not exist between them and other people.
4- This belief makes man virtuous and upright. He has the conviction that there is no other means of success and salvation for him except purity of soul and righteousness of behavior. He has perfect faith in Allaah Who is Above all needs, is related to none and is absolutely Just. This belief creates in him the consciousness that unless he lives rightly and acts justly, he cannot succeed. No influence or underhand activity can save him from ruin.
As to those who do not believe that there is any Being having power over them, to whom they should be responsible for their good or bad actions; therefore, they consider themselves independent to act in whatever way they like. Their own fancies become their gods and they live like slaves of their wishes and desires. Allaah states in the Quran (what means): "Have you seen he who has taken as his god his [own] desire, and Allaah, knowing (him as such), left him astray, and has set a seal upon his hearing and his heart, and put over his vision a veil? So who will guide him after Allaah? Will you not then remember?" [Quran 45:23]
5- The believer never becomes despondent. He has a firm faith in Allaah Who is The Master of all the treasures of the earth and the heavens, Whose grace and bounty have no limit and Whose power is infinite. This faith imparts to his heart extraordinary consolation, fills it with satisfaction and keeps it filled with hope. Although he may be met with rejection from all sides in this world, faith in and dependence on Allaah never leave him, and on that strength he goes on struggling. Such profound confidence can result from no other belief than belief in Allaah Alone.
Atheists have small hearts; in the sense that they depend on limited abilities; therefore, in times of trouble they are soon overwhelmed by despair and, frequently, they commit suicide.
The testimony of Prof. Joad is also very explicit on this point. He writes about the West: "For the first time in history there is coming to maturity a generation of men and women who have no religion, and feel no need for one. They are content to ignore it. Also they are very unhappy, and the suicide rate is abnormally high." [C. E. M. Joad. The Present and Future of Religion, quoted by Sir Arnold Lunn., And Yet So New, London, 1958, p. 228]
As to the world of Islam, let the views of a non-Muslim historian, not in any way being sympathetic to Islam, be read with profit:
"In this uncompromising monotheism, with its simple and enthusiastic faith in the supreme rule of a transcendent being, lies the chief strength of Islam. Its adherents enjoy a consciousness of contentment and resignation unknown among followers of most creeds." [Suicide Is Rare in Muslim Lands] (Phillip K. Hitti, History of the Arabs, 1951, p.129)
6- This testimony of faith inspires bravery in man. There are two things which make a man cowardly: (a) fear of death and love of safety, and (b) the idea that there is someone else besides Allaah who can take away life, and that man- by adopting certain devices- can ward off death. Belief in 'Laa ilaaha illallaah'' blocks and drives away both these ideas. The first idea goes out of his mind because he knows that his life and his property and everything else really belong to Allaah, and he becomes ready to sacrifice his all for the pleasure of Allaah. He gets rid of the second idea because he knows that no weapon, no man or animal has the power of taking away his life; Allaah alone has the power to do so. A time has been ordained for him, and all the forces of the world combined cannot take away anyone's life before that time.
It is for this reason that no one is braver than the one who has faith in Allaah. Nothing can daunt him: not even the strongest tempest of adversity and the mightiest of armies.
7- The belief in 'Laa ilaaha illallaah' creates an attitude of peace and contentment, purges the mind of jealousy, envy and greed, and keeps away the temptations of resorting to base and unfair means for achieving success. The believer understands that wealth is in Allaah's hands, and He apportions it out as He Wills; that honor, power, reputation and authority - everything - is also subjected to His Will, and He bestows them as He Wills; and that man's duty is only to endeavor and to struggle fairly.
MGT211 Assignment # 1 Solution
1-Original Form of the business was sole proprietorship!!!
2-Partnership
3-sleeping partner
4-active partner
5-he can carryon his job as well as his business!!!
2-Partnership
3-sleeping partner
4-active partner
5-he can carryon his job as well as his business!!!
FIN621 Assignment # 1 Solution
Requirements:
A. You are required to compare the two Trial Balances given above and prepare the adjusted journal entries that cause the changes in account balances.
B. You are also required to include an explanation (narration) as part of each adjusting entry.
Solution:-
Here is Solution of 1st Part of Assignment No. 1, Please explain the entry narration yourself.
Entry No.1
Office supplies expense (Income statement items) 432
Office supplies (Balance sheets items) 432
Entry No. 2
Depreciation Machinery (Income statement items) 132
Accumulated depreciation: Machinery (Balance sheets items) 132
Entry No. 3
Salaries (Income statement items) 660
Salaries payable (Balance sheets items) 660
Entry No. 4
Unearned consulting fee (Balance sheets items) 252
Consulting fee earned (Income statement items) 252
Entry No. 5
Consulting fee receivables (Balance sheets items) 1,020
Consulting fee earned (Income statement items) 1,020
A. You are required to compare the two Trial Balances given above and prepare the adjusted journal entries that cause the changes in account balances.
B. You are also required to include an explanation (narration) as part of each adjusting entry.
Solution:-
Here is Solution of 1st Part of Assignment No. 1, Please explain the entry narration yourself.
Entry No.1
Office supplies expense (Income statement items) 432
Office supplies (Balance sheets items) 432
Entry No. 2
Depreciation Machinery (Income statement items) 132
Accumulated depreciation: Machinery (Balance sheets items) 132
Entry No. 3
Salaries (Income statement items) 660
Salaries payable (Balance sheets items) 660
Entry No. 4
Unearned consulting fee (Balance sheets items) 252
Consulting fee earned (Income statement items) 252
Entry No. 5
Consulting fee receivables (Balance sheets items) 1,020
Consulting fee earned (Income statement items) 1,020
Monday, October 25, 2010
CS507 Assignment # 1 Solution
Question 1: What are the organization, management and technology dimensions of information systems? [3 marks]
Answer:
An information system represents a combination of management, organization, and technology elements. The management dimension of information system involves leadership, strategy, and management behavior. The technology dimension consists of computer hardware, software, data management technology, and networking/telecommunication technology (including the internet). The Organization dimension of information system involves the organization’s hierarchy, functional specialties, business processes, culture, political interest groups.
Question 2: Describe some of the major changes that information systems are bringing to organizations. [3 marks]
Answer:
The flattening of organizations is probably one that students will cite, particularly with the concern over downsizing. The parallel increase in information and in the decision power of line workers (empowerment), and their corresponding increase in work satisfaction, is often missed in media reports of downsizing. The flexibility of organizations in operations, for example, custom manufacturing and in linking customers and suppliers (thus reducing order time) are some of the major changes
Question 3: Describe the two factors that explain why organizations adopt information systems. [4 marks]
Answer:
• Customers now prefer to execute transaction in an electronic environment through online-trading. Also the establishment of customer services centers has also removed the inconvenience to access vendor’s physical locations.
• Due to absence of physical contact, companies are curious to keep a soft touch in an efficient manner. This requires keeping a customer-wise online track of past correspondence and transactions
Answer:
An information system represents a combination of management, organization, and technology elements. The management dimension of information system involves leadership, strategy, and management behavior. The technology dimension consists of computer hardware, software, data management technology, and networking/telecommunication technology (including the internet). The Organization dimension of information system involves the organization’s hierarchy, functional specialties, business processes, culture, political interest groups.
Question 2: Describe some of the major changes that information systems are bringing to organizations. [3 marks]
Answer:
The flattening of organizations is probably one that students will cite, particularly with the concern over downsizing. The parallel increase in information and in the decision power of line workers (empowerment), and their corresponding increase in work satisfaction, is often missed in media reports of downsizing. The flexibility of organizations in operations, for example, custom manufacturing and in linking customers and suppliers (thus reducing order time) are some of the major changes
Question 3: Describe the two factors that explain why organizations adopt information systems. [4 marks]
Answer:
• Customers now prefer to execute transaction in an electronic environment through online-trading. Also the establishment of customer services centers has also removed the inconvenience to access vendor’s physical locations.
• Due to absence of physical contact, companies are curious to keep a soft touch in an efficient manner. This requires keeping a customer-wise online track of past correspondence and transactions
PHY101 Assignment # 1 Solution
Q # 1: Consider a box that is placed on different surfaces. Marks = 10
a) In which situation (s) is there no force acting on the box?
b) In which situation (s) is there a static friction force acting on the box?
c) In which situation (s) is there a kinetic friction force acting on the box?
Various possible situations are as under:
I. The box is at rest on a rough horizontal surface.
II. The box is at rest on a rough tilted surface.
III. The box is on the rough-surfaced flat bed of a truck- the truck is moving at a constant velocity on a straight, level road and the box remains in the same place in the middle of the truck bed.
IV. The box is on the rough-surfaced flat bed of a truck- the truck is speeding up on a straight, level road, and box remains in the same place in the middle of the truck bed.
V. The box is on the rough-surfaced flat bed of a truck- the truck is climbing a hill, and the box is sliding towards the back of the truck.
Q # 2 A spaceship is moving in the vacuum of outer space, far from any planet, when its engine dies. As a result, the spaceship slows down and stops. What does Newton‘s first law say about this event? Marks = 5
Solution:-
In this situation there are no forces acting on the spaceship, so according to Newton’s first law, it will not stop. It continues to move in a straight line with constant speed, some science fiction movies have made use of very accurate science; this was not one of them.
Q # 3: A traffic light of weight W hangs from two light cables; one on each side of the light. Each cable hangs at a 450 angle from the horizontal. What I the tension in each cable? Marks = 5
a) In which situation (s) is there no force acting on the box?
b) In which situation (s) is there a static friction force acting on the box?
c) In which situation (s) is there a kinetic friction force acting on the box?
Various possible situations are as under:
I. The box is at rest on a rough horizontal surface.
II. The box is at rest on a rough tilted surface.
III. The box is on the rough-surfaced flat bed of a truck- the truck is moving at a constant velocity on a straight, level road and the box remains in the same place in the middle of the truck bed.
IV. The box is on the rough-surfaced flat bed of a truck- the truck is speeding up on a straight, level road, and box remains in the same place in the middle of the truck bed.
V. The box is on the rough-surfaced flat bed of a truck- the truck is climbing a hill, and the box is sliding towards the back of the truck.
Q # 2 A spaceship is moving in the vacuum of outer space, far from any planet, when its engine dies. As a result, the spaceship slows down and stops. What does Newton‘s first law say about this event? Marks = 5
Solution:-
In this situation there are no forces acting on the spaceship, so according to Newton’s first law, it will not stop. It continues to move in a straight line with constant speed, some science fiction movies have made use of very accurate science; this was not one of them.
Q # 3: A traffic light of weight W hangs from two light cables; one on each side of the light. Each cable hangs at a 450 angle from the horizontal. What I the tension in each cable? Marks = 5
CS101 Assignment # 1 Solution
Differentiate Between Static RAM and Dynamic RAM in Tabular form. ANY TWO Differences
( 2.5 + 2.5 = 5)
SRAM (static RAM). This type of memory maintains data in storage as long as it is powered. Because it is faster and more reliable and expensive than DRAM, SRAM is most often used as cache memory. Earlier forms of SRAM were classified as Async or Sync RAM if they were synchronized with the system clock. The most common type of SRAM today is pipeline burst SRAM, which can operate at higher bus speeds.
DRAM (dynamic RAM). This type of RAM retains its data by being continuously rewritten every few milliseconds. Like SRAM, the data in storage is volatile, meaning it is lost when the system is not powered. DRAM is the most common type of expandable company memory in workstations and servers today, but there are several different types of DRAM.
Another Solution:-
Static RAM (SRAM)
1. 4 times more expensive
2. Very low access time
3. Can store ¼ as much
4. Information stored on RS flip-flops
5. No need for refreshing
Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
1. Low cost
2. Consumes less power
3. Can store 4 times as much
4. Information stored on FET transistors
5. Needs to be refreshed
Another Solution:-
STATIC RAM vs DYNAMIC RAM
Firstly we anxious with static RAM
1)it does not loose signal strength.
2)no refreshing.
3)They made of transistors.
Where as Dynamic RAM
1)looses its signal 1 becomes 0
2)periodic refreshing of memory is needed.
3)These are mostly made of capacitors
( 2.5 + 2.5 = 5)
SRAM (static RAM). This type of memory maintains data in storage as long as it is powered. Because it is faster and more reliable and expensive than DRAM, SRAM is most often used as cache memory. Earlier forms of SRAM were classified as Async or Sync RAM if they were synchronized with the system clock. The most common type of SRAM today is pipeline burst SRAM, which can operate at higher bus speeds.
DRAM (dynamic RAM). This type of RAM retains its data by being continuously rewritten every few milliseconds. Like SRAM, the data in storage is volatile, meaning it is lost when the system is not powered. DRAM is the most common type of expandable company memory in workstations and servers today, but there are several different types of DRAM.
Another Solution:-
Static RAM (SRAM)
1. 4 times more expensive
2. Very low access time
3. Can store ¼ as much
4. Information stored on RS flip-flops
5. No need for refreshing
Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
1. Low cost
2. Consumes less power
3. Can store 4 times as much
4. Information stored on FET transistors
5. Needs to be refreshed
Another Solution:-
STATIC RAM vs DYNAMIC RAM
Firstly we anxious with static RAM
1)it does not loose signal strength.
2)no refreshing.
3)They made of transistors.
Where as Dynamic RAM
1)looses its signal 1 becomes 0
2)periodic refreshing of memory is needed.
3)These are mostly made of capacitors
CS601 Assignment # 1 Solution
Question 1: Compare the telephone network and the Internet. What are the similarities? What are the differences?
Now the telephone industry has raised a new complaint—Internet subscribers are screwing up
telephone networks because the networks weren't designed for Internet connections. Phone
companies just can't get it through their monopoly mindset that when customer demand patterns change, the service has to change. They don't understand that in the new world of competition, the ability to offer the service that customers want will be the difference between success and failure.
The access charge issue
An ISP is something like a long distance phone company, in that it gives subscribers access to a long distance communications network. Both the ISP and the long distance carrier incorporate local phone connections in their overall network. Both pay the local phone company for, in effect, reselling the capacity of the local phone network. But they pay different rates. The ISP pays the same rate as any business that uses the phone network to make local calls. The long distance carrier pays "access charges." Access charges are much higher than local phone rates, as high as five cents per minute.
Access charges originated in the early 1980s as an FCC-sanctioned way for long distance service to subsidize local phone service. In 1987, well before the Internet became popular, the phone companies wanted the FCC to apply access charges to enhanced service packet data networks like Telenet and Tymnet, but Congress objected, and everyone lost interest in the issue. Now, with the rise of Internet telephony, the phone companies are at it again. They want their subsidies.
The current expectation is that the FCC will overhaul access charges in the 1997–'98 time frame. ISPs will have to pay access charges. But the rates will be knocked down from five cents per minute to a few tenths of a cent.
The network design issue
The new argument from the phone companies is that Internet traffic is different from voice traffic, so different that it could crash the phone network.
Wait a minute. Let's take a closer look at this argument. Sure, phone call durations might be longer when I surf the 'Net than when I talk to my mother in Florida, but what are the cost and engineering implications?
By the way, even the phone industry agrees that voice call durations have increased over the years. It used to be that an average phone call would last four minutes; now, the phone industry uses nine minutes as the average holding time.
My local loop and the connection to the local phone switch are dedicated to my phone number, whether I use it or not. The cost is independent of the duration of my calls.
The local switch gives me dialtone, interprets my dial pulses and arranges for a path through the network to be established. But that happens only when the call is dialed. After that, the switch circuitry goes on to set up the next call. Most of the usage of the telephone switch circuitry is independent of call duration.
But the phone industry is right about one element. There is a part of the network that is affected by call duration, the trunking between local switches. This is because the phone network assigns a circuit full time to a connection between switches, even though you might be sending and receiving data packets only sporadically.
But rather than figuring out how these trunks can be shared among multiple Internet connections so they can be used more efficiently, the phone companies are now spreading scare stories about the Internet causing a possible "meltdown" of the phone network.
The monopoly mindset
It's the same old story, but now with the local phone monopolies instead of a single nationwide Ma Bell. "Here's our network and our service; you must tailor your demand so it fits what we have."
Let's look at another part of the Internet, the intercity high-speed data circuits between ISPs. One of the leading suppliers of this service is MCI. MCI took its intercity fiber network, which was installed for voice telephone traffic, and figured out how to use it efficiently for high-speed data.
MCI saw the Internet as an opportunity, not a threat, and modified its network design to satisfy user needs. And the company earned a profit while doing it.
The phone company engineering philosophy has been stability, not agility. But the world is changing. Stability fits quite nicely with a monopoly environment. But "brand loyalty" is on its way out. Have you noticed that in the cable industry? It applies to the phone industry as well.
In the world of competition, companies must change, or die
Now the telephone industry has raised a new complaint—Internet subscribers are screwing up
telephone networks because the networks weren't designed for Internet connections. Phone
companies just can't get it through their monopoly mindset that when customer demand patterns change, the service has to change. They don't understand that in the new world of competition, the ability to offer the service that customers want will be the difference between success and failure.
The access charge issue
An ISP is something like a long distance phone company, in that it gives subscribers access to a long distance communications network. Both the ISP and the long distance carrier incorporate local phone connections in their overall network. Both pay the local phone company for, in effect, reselling the capacity of the local phone network. But they pay different rates. The ISP pays the same rate as any business that uses the phone network to make local calls. The long distance carrier pays "access charges." Access charges are much higher than local phone rates, as high as five cents per minute.
Access charges originated in the early 1980s as an FCC-sanctioned way for long distance service to subsidize local phone service. In 1987, well before the Internet became popular, the phone companies wanted the FCC to apply access charges to enhanced service packet data networks like Telenet and Tymnet, but Congress objected, and everyone lost interest in the issue. Now, with the rise of Internet telephony, the phone companies are at it again. They want their subsidies.
The current expectation is that the FCC will overhaul access charges in the 1997–'98 time frame. ISPs will have to pay access charges. But the rates will be knocked down from five cents per minute to a few tenths of a cent.
The network design issue
The new argument from the phone companies is that Internet traffic is different from voice traffic, so different that it could crash the phone network.
Wait a minute. Let's take a closer look at this argument. Sure, phone call durations might be longer when I surf the 'Net than when I talk to my mother in Florida, but what are the cost and engineering implications?
By the way, even the phone industry agrees that voice call durations have increased over the years. It used to be that an average phone call would last four minutes; now, the phone industry uses nine minutes as the average holding time.
My local loop and the connection to the local phone switch are dedicated to my phone number, whether I use it or not. The cost is independent of the duration of my calls.
The local switch gives me dialtone, interprets my dial pulses and arranges for a path through the network to be established. But that happens only when the call is dialed. After that, the switch circuitry goes on to set up the next call. Most of the usage of the telephone switch circuitry is independent of call duration.
But the phone industry is right about one element. There is a part of the network that is affected by call duration, the trunking between local switches. This is because the phone network assigns a circuit full time to a connection between switches, even though you might be sending and receiving data packets only sporadically.
But rather than figuring out how these trunks can be shared among multiple Internet connections so they can be used more efficiently, the phone companies are now spreading scare stories about the Internet causing a possible "meltdown" of the phone network.
The monopoly mindset
It's the same old story, but now with the local phone monopolies instead of a single nationwide Ma Bell. "Here's our network and our service; you must tailor your demand so it fits what we have."
Let's look at another part of the Internet, the intercity high-speed data circuits between ISPs. One of the leading suppliers of this service is MCI. MCI took its intercity fiber network, which was installed for voice telephone traffic, and figured out how to use it efficiently for high-speed data.
MCI saw the Internet as an opportunity, not a threat, and modified its network design to satisfy user needs. And the company earned a profit while doing it.
The phone company engineering philosophy has been stability, not agility. But the world is changing. Stability fits quite nicely with a monopoly environment. But "brand loyalty" is on its way out. Have you noticed that in the cable industry? It applies to the phone industry as well.
In the world of competition, companies must change, or die
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